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-rw-r--r--.gitignore6
-rw-r--r--LICENSE674
-rw-r--r--Makefile18
-rw-r--r--README.md114
-rw-r--r--picostream/__init__.py0
-rw-r--r--picostream/consumer.py141
-rw-r--r--picostream/conversion_utils.py86
-rw-r--r--picostream/dfplot.py608
-rw-r--r--picostream/main.py562
-rw-r--r--picostream/pico.py495
-rw-r--r--picostream/reader.py259
-rw-r--r--pyproject.toml24
-rw-r--r--status_values_pico.html683
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diff --git a/.gitignore b/.gitignore
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--- /dev/null
+++ b/.gitignore
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+conda_env*
+output.hdf5
+*__pycache__*
+complexipy.json
+build/*
+*egg-info*
diff --git a/LICENSE b/LICENSE
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0667639
--- /dev/null
+++ b/LICENSE
@@ -0,0 +1,674 @@
+ GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
+ Version 3, 29 June 2007
+
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+PURPOSE. THE ENTIRE RISK AS TO THE QUALITY AND PERFORMANCE OF THE PROGRAM
+IS WITH YOU. SHOULD THE PROGRAM PROVE DEFECTIVE, YOU ASSUME THE COST OF
+ALL NECESSARY SERVICING, REPAIR OR CORRECTION.
+
+ 16. Limitation of Liability.
+
+ IN NO EVENT UNLESS REQUIRED BY APPLICABLE LAW OR AGREED TO IN WRITING
+WILL ANY COPYRIGHT HOLDER, OR ANY OTHER PARTY WHO MODIFIES AND/OR CONVEYS
+THE PROGRAM AS PERMITTED ABOVE, BE LIABLE TO YOU FOR DAMAGES, INCLUDING ANY
+GENERAL, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING OUT OF THE
+USE OR INABILITY TO USE THE PROGRAM (INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO LOSS OF
+DATA OR DATA BEING RENDERED INACCURATE OR LOSSES SUSTAINED BY YOU OR THIRD
+PARTIES OR A FAILURE OF THE PROGRAM TO OPERATE WITH ANY OTHER PROGRAMS),
+EVEN IF SUCH HOLDER OR OTHER PARTY HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
+SUCH DAMAGES.
+
+ 17. Interpretation of Sections 15 and 16.
+
+ If the disclaimer of warranty and limitation of liability provided
+above cannot be given local legal effect according to their terms,
+reviewing courts shall apply local law that most closely approximates
+an absolute waiver of all civil liability in connection with the
+Program, unless a warranty or assumption of liability accompanies a
+copy of the Program in return for a fee.
+
+ END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS
+
+ How to Apply These Terms to Your New Programs
+
+ If you develop a new program, and you want it to be of the greatest
+possible use to the public, the best way to achieve this is to make it
+free software which everyone can redistribute and change under these terms.
+
+ To do so, attach the following notices to the program. It is safest
+to attach them to the start of each source file to most effectively
+state the exclusion of warranty; and each file should have at least
+the "copyright" line and a pointer to where the full notice is found.
+
+ <one line to give the program's name and a brief idea of what it does.>
+ Copyright (C) <year> <name of author>
+
+ This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+ the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+ (at your option) any later version.
+
+ This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
+ GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+ You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ along with this program. If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+Also add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail.
+
+ If the program does terminal interaction, make it output a short
+notice like this when it starts in an interactive mode:
+
+ <program> Copyright (C) <year> <name of author>
+ This program comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details type `show w'.
+ This is free software, and you are welcome to redistribute it
+ under certain conditions; type `show c' for details.
+
+The hypothetical commands `show w' and `show c' should show the appropriate
+parts of the General Public License. Of course, your program's commands
+might be different; for a GUI interface, you would use an "about box".
+
+ You should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or school,
+if any, to sign a "copyright disclaimer" for the program, if necessary.
+For more information on this, and how to apply and follow the GNU GPL, see
+<https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+ The GNU General Public License does not permit incorporating your program
+into proprietary programs. If your program is a subroutine library, you
+may consider it more useful to permit linking proprietary applications with
+the library. If this is what you want to do, use the GNU Lesser General
+Public License instead of this License. But first, please read
+<https://www.gnu.org/licenses/why-not-lgpl.html>.
diff --git a/Makefile b/Makefile
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c9a7a95
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Makefile
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+
+
+
+format:
+ ruff format
+ ruff check --fix --select F,B,I .
+ ruff format
+
+lint:
+ prospector --with-tool mypy
+
+complexity:
+ complexipy --sort asc .
+
+complexity-json:
+ complexipy --sort desc --output-json .
+
+
diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2bcca2e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/README.md
@@ -0,0 +1,114 @@
+# PicoStream
+
+PicoStream is a high-performance Python application for streaming data from a PicoScope to an HDF5 file, with an optional, decoupled live visualization. It is designed for robust, high-speed data logging where data integrity is critical.
+
+## Features
+
+- **Robust Architecture**: Separates data acquisition from disk I/O using a producer-consumer pattern with a large, shared memory buffer pool to prevent data loss.
+- **Zero-Risk Live Plotting**: The plotter reads from the HDF5 file, not the live data stream. This ensures that a slow or crashing GUI cannot interfere with data acquisition.
+- **Efficient Visualization**: Uses `pyqtgraph` and a Numba-accelerated min-max decimation algorithm to display large datasets with minimal CPU impact.
+- **Flexible Data Reading**: The included `PicoStreamReader` class allows for easy post-processing, including on-the-fly decimation ('mean' or 'min_max').
+
+## Installation
+
+1. `pip install -e .`
+
+2. Install the official PicoSDK from Pico Technology. Linux can take some additional work, see the AUR wiki for details.
+
+## Usage
+
+The primary way to use the package is through the `picostream` command-line tool.
+
+### Acquisition
+
+The following command starts an acquisition at 62.5 MS/s and saves the data to `my_data.hdf5` with a live plot.
+
+```bash
+picostream -s 62.5 -o my_data.hdf5 --plot
+```
+
+Run `picostream --help` for a full list of options.
+
+### Viewing an Existing File
+
+The plotter can be run as a standalone tool to view any compatible HDF5 file.
+
+```bash
+python -m picostream.dfplot /path/to/your/data.hdf5
+```
+
+## Data Analysis with `PicoStreamReader`
+
+The output HDF5 file contains raw ADC counts and metadata. The `PicoStreamReader` class in `picostream.reader` is the recommended way to read and process this data.
+
+### Example: Processing a File in Chunks
+
+Here is an example of how to use `PicoStreamReader` to iterate through a large file and perform analysis without loading the entire dataset into memory.
+
+```python
+import numpy as np
+from picostream.reader import PicoStreamReader
+
+# Use the reader as a context manager
+with PicoStreamReader('my_data.hdf5') as reader:
+ # Metadata is available as attributes after opening
+ sample_rate_sps = 1e9 / reader.sample_interval_ns
+ print(f"File contains {reader.num_samples:,} samples.")
+ print(f"Sample rate: {sample_rate_sps / 1e6:.2f} MS/s")
+
+ # Example: Iterate through the file with 10x decimation
+ print("\nProcessing data with 10x 'min_max' decimation...")
+ for times, voltages_mv in reader.get_block_iter(
+ chunk_size=10_000_000, decimation_factor=10, decimation_mode='min_max'
+ ):
+ # The 'times' and 'voltages_mv' arrays are now decimated.
+ # Process the smaller data chunk here.
+ print(f" - Processed a chunk of {voltages_mv.size} decimated points.")
+
+ print("\nFinished processing.")
+```
+
+## API Reference: `PicoStreamReader`
+
+The `PicoStreamReader` provides a simple and efficient interface for accessing data.
+
+### Initialization
+
+#### `__init__(self, hdf5_path: str)`
+Initializes the reader. The file is opened and metadata is read when the object is used as a context manager.
+
+### Metadata Attributes
+
+These attributes are populated from the HDF5 file's metadata when the reader is opened.
+
+- `num_samples: int`: Total number of raw samples in the dataset.
+- `sample_interval_ns: float`: The time interval between samples in nanoseconds.
+- `voltage_range_v: float`: The configured voltage range (e.g., `20.0` for ±20V).
+- `max_adc_val: int`: The maximum ADC count value (e.g., 32767).
+- `analog_offset_v: float`: The configured analog offset in Volts.
+- `downsample_mode: str`: The hardware downsampling mode used during acquisition (`'average'` or `'aggregate'`).
+- `hardware_downsample_ratio: int`: The hardware downsampling ratio used.
+
+### Data Access Methods
+
+#### `get_block_iter(self, chunk_size: int = 1_000_000, decimation_factor: int = 1, decimation_mode: str = "mean") -> Generator`
+Returns a generator that yields data blocks as `(times, voltages)` tuples for the entire dataset. This is the recommended method for processing large files.
+- `chunk_size`: The number of *raw* samples to read from the file for each chunk.
+- `decimation_factor`: The factor by which to decimate the data.
+- `decimation_mode`: The decimation method (`'mean'` or `'min_max'`).
+
+#### `get_next_block(self, chunk_size: int, decimation_factor: int = 1, decimation_mode: str = "mean") -> Tuple | None`
+Retrieves the next sequential block of data. Returns `None` when the end of the file is reached. Use `reset()` to start over.
+
+#### `get_block(self, size: int, start: int = 0, decimation_factor: int = 1, decimation_mode: str = "mean") -> Tuple`
+Retrieves a specific block of data from the file.
+- `size`: The number of *raw* samples to retrieve.
+- `start`: The starting sample index.
+
+#### `reset(self) -> None`
+Resets the internal counter for `get_next_block()` to the beginning of the file.
+
+
+## Acknowledgements
+
+This package began as a fork of [JoshHarris2108/pico_streaming](https://github.com/JoshHarris2108/pico_streaming) (which is unlicensed). I acknowledge and appreciate Josh's original idea/architecture.
diff --git a/picostream/__init__.py b/picostream/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e69de29
--- /dev/null
+++ b/picostream/__init__.py
diff --git a/picostream/consumer.py b/picostream/consumer.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b1b2a5f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/picostream/consumer.py
@@ -0,0 +1,141 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import os
+import queue
+import threading
+from typing import Any, Dict, List
+
+import h5py
+import numpy as np
+from loguru import logger
+
+
+class Consumer:
+ """A data consumer that runs in a separate thread.
+
+ This class retrieves data buffers from a queue, writes them to an HDF5 file,
+ and then returns the buffer index to an "empty" queue for reuse by the
+ producer. It handles file creation, data writing, and metadata storage.
+ """
+
+ def __init__(
+ self,
+ buffer_size: int,
+ data_queue: queue.Queue[int],
+ empty_queue: queue.Queue[int],
+ data_buffers: List[np.ndarray],
+ file_name: str,
+ shutdown_event: threading.Event,
+ metadata: Dict[str, Any],
+ ):
+ """Initializes the Consumer.
+
+ Args:
+ buffer_size: The size of each individual data buffer.
+ data_queue: A queue for receiving indices of data-filled buffers.
+ empty_queue: A queue for returning indices of processed (empty) buffers.
+ data_buffers: A list of pre-allocated NumPy arrays for data.
+ file_name: The path to the output HDF5 file.
+ shutdown_event: A threading.Event to signal termination.
+ metadata: A dictionary of metadata to be saved as HDF5 attributes.
+ """
+ self.buffer_size = buffer_size
+ self.data_queue = data_queue
+ self.empty_queue = empty_queue
+ self.data_buffers = data_buffers
+ self.file_name = file_name
+ self.shutdown_event = shutdown_event
+ self.metadata = metadata
+
+ self.values_written: int = 0
+ self.empty_con_queue_count: int = 0
+
+ def format_sample_count(self, count: int) -> str:
+ """Format a large integer count into a human-readable string.
+
+ Uses metric prefixes (K, M, G) for thousands, millions, and billions.
+
+ Args:
+ count: The integer number to format.
+
+ Returns:
+ A formatted string representation of the count.
+ """
+ if count >= 1_000_000_000:
+ return f"{count / 1_000_000_000:.2f}G"
+ if count >= 1_000_000:
+ return f"{count / 1_000_000:.2f}M"
+ if count >= 1_000:
+ return f"{count / 1_000:.2f}K"
+ else:
+ return str(count)
+
+ def _processing_loop(self, dset: h5py.Dataset) -> None:
+ """
+ Continuously processes data from the queue and writes to the HDF5 dataset.
+
+ Args:
+ dset: The HDF5 dataset to write to.
+ """
+ while not self.shutdown_event.is_set():
+ try:
+ # Wait for a buffer index from the producer.
+ # A timeout allows the loop to periodically check the shutdown event.
+ idx = self.data_queue.get(timeout=0.1)
+
+ # Append the new data to the HDF5 dataset.
+ buffer_len = len(self.data_buffers[idx])
+ dset.resize((self.values_written + buffer_len,))
+ dset[self.values_written :] = self.data_buffers[idx]
+
+ # Return the buffer index to the empty queue for reuse.
+ self.empty_queue.put(idx)
+
+ self.values_written += buffer_len
+
+ except queue.Empty:
+ # This occurs if the producer hasn't provided data within the timeout.
+ self.empty_con_queue_count += 1
+ # This is expected when acquisition stops, so no need to log as a warning
+ if not self.shutdown_event.is_set():
+ logger.debug("Consumer queue was empty.")
+
+ def consume(self) -> None:
+ """The main loop for the consumer thread.
+
+ This method continuously checks for data from the producer, writes it to
+ the HDF5 file, and returns the buffer for reuse. It handles file setup,
+ the main processing loop, and graceful shutdown.
+ """
+ try:
+ # Ensure a clean slate by removing any pre-existing file.
+ if os.path.exists(self.file_name):
+ os.remove(self.file_name)
+ logger.info(f"Removed existing file: {self.file_name}")
+
+ with h5py.File(self.file_name, "w") as f:
+ # Write the collected metadata to the HDF5 file's attributes.
+ for key, value in self.metadata.items():
+ if value is not None:
+ f.attrs[key] = value
+
+ # Create a resizable dataset for the ADC data.
+ # Chunking is aligned with the buffer size for efficient writes.
+ dset = f.create_dataset(
+ "adc_counts",
+ (0,),
+ maxshape=(None,),
+ dtype="int16",
+ chunks=(self.buffer_size,),
+ )
+
+ self._processing_loop(dset)
+ except (IOError, OSError) as e:
+ # A critical file error means we cannot continue.
+ logger.critical(f"Failed to create or write to HDF5 file: {e}")
+ self.shutdown_event.set() # Signal other threads to shut down.
+ return
+
+ logger.info(
+ f"Consumer couldn't obtain data from queue {self.empty_con_queue_count} times."
+ )
diff --git a/picostream/conversion_utils.py b/picostream/conversion_utils.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..cce8200
--- /dev/null
+++ b/picostream/conversion_utils.py
@@ -0,0 +1,86 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import numba as nb
+import numpy as np
+
+
+@nb.jit(nopython=True, fastmath=True)
+def adc_to_mV(
+ adc_data: np.ndarray, voltage_range_v: float, max_adc_val: int
+) -> np.ndarray:
+ """Convert ADC counts to voltage in millivolts (mV).
+
+ This function is JIT-compiled with Numba for high performance. It uses the
+ maximum ADC value provided by the PicoScope driver to correctly scale the
+ raw integer ADC counts to a voltage.
+
+ Args:
+ adc_data: A NumPy array of raw ADC integer values.
+ voltage_range_v: The single-sided voltage range in Volts. For a device
+ configured to ±1V, this value should be 1.0.
+ max_adc_val: The maximum ADC count value for the configured resolution,
+ as obtained from the `ps5000aMaximumValue` SDK function.
+
+ Returns:
+ A NumPy array of the same shape as `adc_data`, with values converted
+ to millivolts.
+ """
+ voltage_range_mv = voltage_range_v * 1000.0 # Convert Volts to milliVolts
+ # Scale ADC counts to millivolts. Cast to float64 for precision.
+ return (adc_data.astype(np.float64) * voltage_range_mv) / max_adc_val
+
+
+@nb.jit(nopython=True, fastmath=True)
+def min_max_decimate_numba(data: np.ndarray, factor: int) -> np.ndarray:
+ """Downsample data using a min-max technique to preserve signal envelope.
+
+ This Numba-optimized function decimates an array by a given factor. For
+ each block of `factor` samples, it finds the minimum and maximum values.
+ The output array contains these min/max pairs, effectively preserving
+ transients and the signal envelope while reducing the number of data points.
+
+ Note: Any remaining data points that do not form a complete block of size
+ `factor` at the end of the array are discarded.
+
+ Args:
+ data: The 1D NumPy array of numerical data to be decimated.
+ factor: The decimation factor (an integer).
+
+ Returns:
+ A new NumPy array containing the decimated data, with a length of
+ `2 * (len(data) // factor)`. The format is [min1, max1, min2, max2, ...].
+ If `factor` is 1 or less, or if the input data has fewer points than
+ `factor`, the original data array is returned unmodified.
+ """
+ # If the decimation factor is 1 or less, or data is too short, do nothing.
+ if factor <= 1 or len(data) < factor:
+ return data
+
+ # Calculate how many full blocks of size `factor` we can process.
+ n_complete_groups = len(data) // factor
+
+ # Pre-allocate the output array. It will hold 2 values (min and max)
+ # for each group.
+ decimated = np.empty(n_complete_groups * 2, dtype=data.dtype)
+
+ # Iterate over each block of data.
+ for i in range(n_complete_groups):
+ start_idx = i * factor
+ end_idx = start_idx + factor
+
+ # Find the minimum and maximum value in the current block.
+ # Initialize with the first value in the group.
+ group_min = data[start_idx]
+ group_max = data[start_idx]
+
+ for j in range(start_idx + 1, end_idx):
+ if data[j] < group_min:
+ group_min = data[j]
+ if data[j] > group_max:
+ group_max = data[j]
+
+ # Store the min and max pair in the output array.
+ decimated[i * 2] = group_min
+ decimated[i * 2 + 1] = group_max
+
+ return decimated
diff --git a/picostream/dfplot.py b/picostream/dfplot.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..cac3a38
--- /dev/null
+++ b/picostream/dfplot.py
@@ -0,0 +1,608 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import sys
+import threading
+import time
+from typing import List, Optional
+import argparse
+
+import h5py
+import numpy as np
+import pyqtgraph as pg
+from loguru import logger
+from PyQt5.QtCore import Qt, QTimer
+from PyQt5.QtGui import QCloseEvent, QFont, QKeyEvent
+from PyQt5.QtWidgets import (
+ QApplication,
+ QHBoxLayout,
+ QLabel,
+ QMainWindow,
+ QVBoxLayout,
+ QWidget,
+)
+
+from .conversion_utils import adc_to_mV, min_max_decimate_numba
+
+
+class HDF5LivePlotter(QMainWindow):
+ """
+ Real-time oscilloscope-style plotter that reads from HDF5 files.
+ Completely independent of acquisition system for zero-risk operation.
+ """
+
+ def __init__(
+ self,
+ hdf5_path: str = "/tmp/data.hdf5",
+ update_interval_ms: int = 50,
+ display_window_seconds: float = 0.5,
+ decimation_factor: int = 150,
+ shutdown_event: Optional[threading.Event] = None,
+ ) -> None:
+ """Initializes the HDF5LivePlotter window.
+
+ Args:
+ hdf5_path: Path to the HDF5 file to monitor.
+ update_interval_ms: How often to check the file for updates (in ms).
+ display_window_seconds: The time duration of data to display.
+ decimation_factor: The factor by which to decimate data for plotting.
+ shutdown_event: An event to signal graceful shutdown to the main application.
+ """
+ super().__init__()
+
+ # --- Configuration ---
+ self.hdf5_path: str = hdf5_path
+ self.update_interval_ms: int = update_interval_ms
+ self.display_window_seconds: float = display_window_seconds
+ self.decimation_factor: int = decimation_factor
+ self.shutdown_event: Optional[threading.Event] = shutdown_event
+
+ # --- UI State ---
+ self.heartbeat_chars: List[str] = ["|", "/", "-", "\\"]
+ self.heartbeat_index: int = 0
+ self.is_saturated: bool = False
+
+ # --- Data Buffers ---
+ self.display_data: np.ndarray = np.array([])
+ self.time_data: np.ndarray = np.array([])
+ self.data_start_sample: int = 0
+
+ # --- HDF5 Metadata ---
+ self.sample_interval_ns: float = 16.0 # Default, will be read from file
+ self.hardware_downsample_ratio: int = 1
+ self.ch_range: Optional[int] = None
+ self.voltage_range_v: Optional[float] = None
+ self.max_adc_val: Optional[int] = None
+ self.downsample_mode: Optional[str] = None
+ self.analog_offset_v: float = 0.0
+
+ # --- Debug Counters ---
+ self.update_count: int = 0
+ self.file_read_count: int = 0
+ self.display_update_count: int = 0
+
+ # --- Performance Monitoring ---
+ self.display_latency_ms: float = 0.0
+ self.last_data_timestamp: Optional[float] = None
+
+ # --- Rate Checking ---
+ self.rate_check_start_time: Optional[float] = None
+ self.rate_check_start_samples: int = 0
+
+ # --- Data Freshness Tracking ---
+ self.last_displayed_size: int = 0
+ self.data_change_count: int = 0
+ self.stale_update_count: int = 0
+ self.last_freshness_check: float = time.time()
+
+ # --- Error Tracking ---
+ self.conversion_error_count: int = 0
+ self.file_error_count: int = 0
+
+ # Setup UI
+ self.setup_ui()
+
+ # Setup update timer
+ self.timer = QTimer()
+ self.timer.timeout.connect(self.update_from_file)
+ self.timer.start(self.update_interval_ms)
+
+ logger.info(
+ f"HDF5LivePlotter initialized: path={hdf5_path}, interval={update_interval_ms}ms"
+ )
+
+ # Initial file check
+ self.check_file_exists()
+
+ def setup_ui(self) -> None:
+ """Sets up the main window, widgets, and plot layout."""
+ self.setWindowTitle("PicoScope Live Plotter - HDF5 Reader")
+ self.setGeometry(100, 100, 1200, 800)
+
+ # Central widget
+ central_widget = QWidget()
+ self.setCentralWidget(central_widget)
+ layout = QVBoxLayout(central_widget)
+
+ # Status bar
+ status_layout = QHBoxLayout()
+ self.heartbeat_label = QLabel("UI: -")
+ self.samples_label = QLabel("Samples: 0")
+ self.rate_label = QLabel("Rate: -")
+ self.plotter_latency_label = QLabel("Plotter Latency: 0 ms")
+ self.error_label = QLabel("Errors: 0")
+ self.saturation_label = QLabel("Saturation: -")
+ self.acq_status_label = QLabel(
+ '<span style="color: orange">Waiting for file...</span>'
+ )
+ font = QFont()
+ font.setFamily("Monospace")
+ font.setFixedPitch(True)
+ for label in [
+ self.heartbeat_label,
+ self.samples_label,
+ self.rate_label,
+ self.plotter_latency_label,
+ self.error_label,
+ self.saturation_label,
+ self.acq_status_label,
+ ]:
+ label.setFont(font)
+
+ # Add separators between status items
+ status_layout.addWidget(self.heartbeat_label)
+ status_layout.addWidget(QLabel(" | "))
+ status_layout.addWidget(self.error_label)
+ status_layout.addWidget(QLabel(" | "))
+ status_layout.addWidget(self.saturation_label)
+ status_layout.addWidget(QLabel(" | "))
+ status_layout.addWidget(self.samples_label)
+ status_layout.addWidget(QLabel(" | "))
+ status_layout.addWidget(self.plotter_latency_label)
+ status_layout.addWidget(QLabel(" | "))
+ status_layout.addWidget(self.rate_label)
+ status_layout.addWidget(QLabel(" | "))
+ status_layout.addWidget(self.acq_status_label)
+ status_layout.addStretch()
+ layout.addLayout(status_layout)
+
+ # Plot widget
+ self.plot_widget = pg.PlotWidget()
+ self.plot_widget.setLabel("left", "Voltage", "mV")
+ self.plot_widget.setLabel("bottom", "Time", "s")
+ self.plot_widget.showGrid(x=True, y=True)
+ self.plot_widget.setXRange(0, self.display_window_seconds, padding=0)
+
+ # Plot curve
+ self.curve = self.plot_widget.plot(pen="y", width=1)
+
+ layout.addWidget(self.plot_widget)
+
+ # Performance optimization
+ self.plot_widget.setDownsampling(mode="peak")
+ self.plot_widget.setClipToView(True)
+
+ def check_file_exists(self) -> None:
+ """Checks if the HDF5 file exists and attempts to read metadata."""
+ try:
+ with h5py.File(self.hdf5_path, "r") as f:
+ if "adc_counts" in f:
+ self.acq_status_label.setText(
+ '<span style="color: orange">Reading metadata...</span>'
+ )
+ self.read_metadata(f)
+ else:
+ self.acq_status_label.setText(
+ '<span style="color: orange">Waiting for data...</span>'
+ )
+ except (FileNotFoundError, OSError):
+ self.acq_status_label.setText(
+ '<span style="color: orange">Waiting for file...</span>'
+ )
+
+ def read_metadata(self, hdf5_file: h5py.File) -> None:
+ """Reads metadata attributes from the root of an open HDF5 file.
+
+ Args:
+ hdf5_file: An open h5py.File object.
+ """
+ try:
+ # Metadata is stored as root-level attributes
+ base_sample_interval_ns = hdf5_file.attrs["sample_interval_ns"]
+ self.hardware_downsample_ratio = hdf5_file.attrs.get(
+ "hardware_downsample_ratio", 1
+ )
+ self.sample_interval_ns = (
+ base_sample_interval_ns * self.hardware_downsample_ratio
+ )
+
+ self.voltage_range_v = hdf5_file.attrs["voltage_range_v"]
+ self.max_adc_val = hdf5_file.attrs["max_adc"]
+ self.downsample_mode = hdf5_file.attrs.get("downsample_mode", "average")
+ self.analog_offset_v = hdf5_file.attrs.get("analog_offset_v", 0.0)
+
+ # Update rate label with configured sample rate
+ configured_rate_sps = 1e9 / self.sample_interval_ns
+ self.rate_label.setText(
+ f"Rate: ... : {self._format_rate_sps(configured_rate_sps)}"
+ )
+ except KeyError:
+ logger.debug("Metadata not fully available yet. Will retry.")
+
+ def _update_heartbeat(self) -> None:
+ """Update UI heartbeat to show the UI thread is alive."""
+ self.heartbeat_index = (self.heartbeat_index + 1) % len(self.heartbeat_chars)
+ self.heartbeat_label.setText(
+ f"UI: {self.heartbeat_chars[self.heartbeat_index]}"
+ )
+
+ def _handle_new_data(
+ self, dataset: h5py.Dataset, start_index: int, current_size: int
+ ) -> None:
+ """Process a new window of data."""
+ self.data_change_count += 1
+ self.last_displayed_size = current_size
+ self.last_data_timestamp = time.time()
+ self.acq_status_label.setText('<span style="color: green">Active</span>')
+
+ # Read only the most recent data window
+ data_window = dataset[start_index:current_size]
+ self.file_read_count += 1
+
+ # Check for ADC saturation
+ # The Picoscope driver scales data to 16-bit, so saturation occurs at the 16-bit limit.
+ FIXED_MAX_ADC = 32767
+ self.is_saturated = np.any(data_window >= FIXED_MAX_ADC) or np.any(
+ data_window <= -FIXED_MAX_ADC
+ )
+
+ logger.debug(
+ f"Update {self.update_count}: Reading window of {len(data_window):,} samples from index {start_index:,}"
+ )
+
+ # Update the display with this complete window (only when data changes)
+ self.update_display(data_window)
+
+ def _handle_stale_data(self) -> None:
+ """Handle a file check where no new data is found."""
+ self.stale_update_count += 1
+ self.acq_status_label.setText(
+ '<span style="color: orange">Acquiring... </span>'
+ )
+ # Log if we're frequently updating with no new data
+ if self.stale_update_count % 10 == 0:
+ logger.debug(
+ f"File check #{self.update_count} with no new data (stale checks: {self.stale_update_count})"
+ )
+
+ def _update_status_labels(self, current_size: int) -> None:
+ """Update the various status labels in the UI."""
+ # Update samples label
+ samples_text = self.format_sample_count(current_size)
+ self.samples_label.setText(f"Samples: {samples_text}")
+
+ # Color-code latency
+ latency_color = (
+ "green"
+ if self.display_latency_ms < 100
+ else "orange"
+ if self.display_latency_ms < 500
+ else "red"
+ )
+ self.plotter_latency_label.setText(
+ f'<span style="color: {latency_color}">Plotter Latency: {self.display_latency_ms:.0f}ms</span>'
+ )
+
+ # Error counter
+ total_errors = self.conversion_error_count + self.file_error_count
+ error_color = (
+ "green" if total_errors == 0 else "orange" if total_errors < 10 else "red"
+ )
+ self.error_label.setText(
+ f'<span style="color: {error_color}">Errors: {total_errors}</span>'
+ )
+
+ # Saturation status
+ if self.voltage_range_v is None:
+ self.saturation_label.setText("Saturation: -")
+ elif self.is_saturated:
+ self.saturation_label.setText(
+ '<span style="color: red">Saturation: CLIPPING</span>'
+ )
+ else:
+ self.saturation_label.setText(
+ '<span style="color: green">Saturation: OK</span>'
+ )
+
+ def _update_rate_label(self, current_size: int) -> None:
+ """Check and update acquisition rate status."""
+ if not self.rate_check_start_time:
+ return
+
+ elapsed_time = time.perf_counter() - self.rate_check_start_time
+ if elapsed_time > 1.0: # Check only after 1s for stability
+ points_per_timestep = 2 if self.downsample_mode == "aggregate" else 1
+ samples_acquired = current_size - self.rate_check_start_samples
+ timesteps_acquired = samples_acquired / points_per_timestep
+ actual_rate_sps = timesteps_acquired / elapsed_time
+
+ configured_rate_sps = 1e9 / self.sample_interval_ns
+ rate_ratio = actual_rate_sps / configured_rate_sps
+
+ configured_rate_str = self._format_rate_sps(configured_rate_sps)
+ actual_rate_str = self._format_rate_sps(actual_rate_sps)
+
+ rate_text = f"Rate: {actual_rate_str} : {configured_rate_str}"
+ if rate_ratio < 0.95:
+ self.rate_label.setText(f'<span style="color: red">{rate_text}</span>')
+ else:
+ self.rate_label.setText(rate_text)
+
+ def _process_data_from_file(self, f: h5py.File) -> None:
+ """Read and process data from an open HDF5 file."""
+ if "adc_counts" not in f:
+ return
+
+ dataset = f["adc_counts"]
+ current_size = dataset.shape[0]
+
+ if current_size == 0:
+ return
+
+ # Start the rate check timer on the first data point
+ if self.rate_check_start_time is None:
+ self.rate_check_start_time = time.perf_counter()
+ self.rate_check_start_samples = current_size
+
+ # Read metadata if not already done
+ if self.voltage_range_v is None:
+ self.read_metadata(f)
+
+ # Dynamically calculate the number of timesteps for the display window
+ display_window_timesteps = int(
+ self.display_window_seconds / (self.sample_interval_ns * 1e-9)
+ )
+
+ # In aggregate mode, each timestep has two points (min/max)
+ display_window_points = display_window_timesteps
+ if self.downsample_mode == "aggregate":
+ display_window_points *= 2
+
+ # Calculate where to start reading to get the last window of points
+ start_index = max(0, current_size - display_window_points)
+ self.data_start_sample = start_index
+
+ # Track data freshness and changes
+ if current_size > self.last_displayed_size:
+ self._handle_new_data(dataset, start_index, current_size)
+ else:
+ self._handle_stale_data()
+
+ self._update_status_labels(current_size)
+ self._update_rate_label(current_size)
+
+ def update_from_file(self) -> None:
+ """Timer-driven function to read data from the HDF5 file and update the plot."""
+ self.update_count += 1
+ self._update_heartbeat()
+
+ try:
+ with h5py.File(self.hdf5_path, "r") as f:
+ self._process_data_from_file(f)
+ except (FileNotFoundError, OSError):
+ self.acq_status_label.setText(
+ '<span style="color: orange">Waiting for file...</span>'
+ )
+ except Exception as e:
+ self.file_error_count += 1
+ logger.error(f"Update {self.update_count}: Error reading file - {e}")
+ self.acq_status_label.setText('<span style="color: red">File error!</span>')
+
+ def update_display(self, data_window: np.ndarray) -> None:
+ """Processes and displays a new window of data.
+
+ This involves decimation, voltage conversion, and updating the plot curve.
+
+ Args:
+ data_window: A NumPy array containing the raw ADC counts for display.
+ """
+ if len(data_window) == 0:
+ return
+
+ self.display_data = data_window
+ self.display_update_count += 1
+
+ logger.debug(
+ f"Display update {self.display_update_count}: "
+ f"Displaying window of {len(self.display_data):,} samples, "
+ f"starting at sample {self.data_start_sample:,}"
+ )
+
+ # Apply Numba-optimized decimation for display
+ if self.decimation_factor > 1:
+ decimated_data = min_max_decimate_numba(
+ self.display_data, self.decimation_factor
+ )
+ else:
+ decimated_data = self.display_data
+
+ # Debug: Log ADC values and metadata
+ logger.debug(f"ADC range: {decimated_data.min()} to {decimated_data.max()}")
+ logger.debug(f"voltage_range_v: {self.voltage_range_v}")
+
+ # Convert to voltage if we have calibration data
+ if self.voltage_range_v is not None and self.max_adc_val is not None:
+ try:
+ voltage_data = adc_to_mV(
+ decimated_data, self.voltage_range_v, self.max_adc_val
+ )
+ if self.analog_offset_v != 0.0:
+ voltage_data += self.analog_offset_v * 1000
+ logger.debug(
+ f"Voltage conversion successful, range: {voltage_data.min():.1f} to {voltage_data.max():.1f} mV"
+ )
+ except Exception as e:
+ self.conversion_error_count += 1
+ logger.warning(f"Voltage conversion failed: {e}, using raw ADC values")
+ voltage_data = decimated_data.astype(float)
+ else:
+ logger.warning(
+ "Missing calibration data (voltage_range_v or max_adc_val), using raw ADC values"
+ )
+ voltage_data = decimated_data.astype(float)
+
+ # Create time axis for the current window
+ time_axis = self.create_time_axis(len(voltage_data))
+
+ logger.debug(
+ f"Display update {self.display_update_count}: "
+ f"Decimated to {len(voltage_data):,} points, "
+ f"time range: {time_axis[0]:.3f}s to {time_axis[-1]:.3f}s"
+ )
+
+ # Calculate display latency
+ if self.last_data_timestamp:
+ self.display_latency_ms = (time.time() - self.last_data_timestamp) * 1000
+
+ # Update plot
+ self.curve.setData(time_axis, voltage_data)
+
+ # Update the X-axis range to match the new time axis, creating a "snapshot" effect.
+ self.plot_widget.setXRange(time_axis[0], time_axis[-1], padding=0)
+
+ # Auto-scale the Y-axis occasionally.
+ # TODO put to larger number and allow user to update with key press
+ if self.display_update_count % 5 == 1:
+ self.plot_widget.enableAutoRange(axis="y")
+
+ def _format_rate_sps(self, rate_sps: float) -> str:
+ """Formats a sample rate in Samples/sec into a human-readable string."""
+ if rate_sps >= 1e9:
+ return f"{rate_sps / 1e9:.2f} GS/s"
+ if rate_sps >= 1e6:
+ return f"{rate_sps / 1e6:.2f} MS/s"
+ if rate_sps >= 1e3:
+ return f"{rate_sps / 1e3:.2f} kS/s"
+ return f"{rate_sps:.2f} S/s"
+
+ def format_sample_count(self, count: int) -> str:
+ """Formats a large integer count into a human-readable string with units.
+
+ Args:
+ count: The integer number to format.
+
+ Returns:
+ A formatted string (e.g., "1.23M", "2.34G").
+ """
+ if count >= 1_000_000_000:
+ return f"{count / 1_000_000_000:.2f}G"
+ if count >= 1_000_000:
+ return f"{count / 1_000_000:.2f}M"
+ if count >= 1_000:
+ return f"{count / 1_000:.2f}K"
+ else:
+ return str(count)
+
+ def create_time_axis(self, n_samples: int) -> np.ndarray:
+ """Creates a time axis for the displayed data window.
+
+ The time axis is absolute, based on the data window's start position in
+ the overall acquisition. It accounts for the `aggregate` downsample mode,
+ where the data stream consists of interleaved min/max pairs.
+
+ For min-max decimated data, it generates pairs of time coordinates to
+ draw vertical lines for each min-max pair. For non-decimated data, it
+ generates a linearly spaced time axis.
+
+ Args:
+ n_samples: The number of points for the time axis. This should be
+ the number of points *after* decimation.
+
+ Returns:
+ A NumPy array representing the time axis in seconds.
+ """
+ if n_samples == 0:
+ return np.array([])
+
+ time_per_timestep = self.sample_interval_ns * 1e-9
+ points_per_timestep = 2 if self.downsample_mode == "aggregate" else 1
+ time_per_point = time_per_timestep / points_per_timestep
+
+ start_time = (self.data_start_sample / points_per_timestep) * time_per_timestep
+
+ if self.decimation_factor > 1:
+ # For min-max, create pairs of time points for vertical lines
+ num_pairs = n_samples // 2
+ time_step_between_groups = self.decimation_factor * time_per_point
+ group_times = start_time + np.arange(num_pairs) * time_step_between_groups
+ return np.repeat(group_times, 2)
+ else:
+ # For non-decimated data
+ if self.downsample_mode == "aggregate":
+ # Data is already min/max pairs from hardware. Create vertical lines.
+ num_pairs = n_samples // 2
+ time_step_between_pairs = time_per_timestep
+ pair_times = start_time + np.arange(num_pairs) * time_step_between_pairs
+ return np.repeat(pair_times, 2)
+ else:
+ # For linear (non-aggregate) data, create a simple time axis
+ duration = (
+ (n_samples - 1) * time_per_point if n_samples > 1 else 0
+ )
+ end_time = start_time + duration
+ return np.linspace(start_time, end_time, n_samples)
+
+ def closeEvent(self, event: QCloseEvent) -> None:
+ """Handles the window close event.
+
+ Stops the plot's internal timer and allows the Qt event loop to exit.
+ The main application will handle the graceful shutdown.
+ """
+ logger.info("Close event received. Stopping timer.")
+ self.timer.stop()
+ event.accept()
+
+ def keyPressEvent(self, event: QKeyEvent) -> None:
+ """Handles key presses for application control (e.g., 'Q' to quit)."""
+ if event.key() == Qt.Key_Q:
+ logger.info("'Q' key pressed. Closing application.")
+ self.close()
+ else:
+ super().keyPressEvent(event)
+
+
+def main() -> None:
+ """Standalone HDF5 live plotter."""
+ # Create the QApplication instance FIRST.
+ app = QApplication(sys.argv)
+
+ parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description="Standalone HDF5 live plotter.")
+ parser.add_argument("hdf5_path", type=str, help="Path to the HDF5 file.")
+ parser.add_argument(
+ "--window",
+ type=float,
+ default=0.5,
+ help="Display window in seconds. [default: 0.5]",
+ )
+ parser.add_argument(
+ "--decimation",
+ type=int,
+ default=150,
+ help="Decimation factor for plotting. [default: 150]",
+ )
+ args = parser.parse_args()
+
+ logger.info("Plotter process starting")
+ try:
+ plotter = HDF5LivePlotter(
+ hdf5_path=args.hdf5_path,
+ display_window_seconds=args.window,
+ decimation_factor=args.decimation,
+ )
+ plotter.show()
+ sys.exit(app.exec_())
+ except Exception as e:
+ logger.error(f"Error in plotter process: {e}")
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+ main()
diff --git a/picostream/main.py b/picostream/main.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..44a0c0c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/picostream/main.py
@@ -0,0 +1,562 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import queue
+import signal
+import sys
+import threading
+import time
+from datetime import datetime
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, List, Optional
+
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+ from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QApplication
+
+import click
+import h5py
+import numpy as np
+from loguru import logger
+
+from .consumer import Consumer
+from .pico import PicoDevice
+
+
+class Streamer:
+ """Orchestrates the Picoscope data acquisition process.
+
+ This class initializes the Picoscope device (producer), the HDF5 writer
+ (consumer), and the live plotter. It manages the threads, queues, and
+ graceful shutdown of the entire application.
+ """
+
+ def __init__(
+ self,
+ sample_rate_msps: float = 62.5,
+ resolution_bits: int = 12,
+ channel_range_str: str = "PS5000A_20V",
+ enable_live_plot: bool = False,
+ output_file: str = "./output.hdf5",
+ debug: bool = False,
+ plot_window_s: float = 0.5,
+ plot_points: int = 4000,
+ hardware_downsample: int = 1,
+ downsample_mode: str = "average",
+ offset_v: float = 0.0,
+ ) -> None:
+ # --- Configuration ---
+ self.output_file = output_file
+ self.debug = debug
+ self.enable_live_plot = enable_live_plot
+ self.plot_window_s = plot_window_s
+
+ (
+ sample_rate_msps,
+ pico_downsample_ratio,
+ pico_ratio_mode,
+ offset_v,
+ ) = self._validate_config(
+ resolution_bits,
+ sample_rate_msps,
+ channel_range_str,
+ hardware_downsample,
+ downsample_mode,
+ offset_v,
+ )
+ # Dynamically size buffers to hold a specific duration of data. This makes
+ # memory usage proportional to the data rate, providing a consistent
+ # time-based buffer to handle processing latencies.
+ effective_rate_sps = (sample_rate_msps * 1e6) / pico_downsample_ratio
+
+ # Consumer buffers (for writing to HDF5) are sized to hold 1 second of data.
+ # This is a good balance, as larger buffers lead to more efficient disk writes
+ # but use more RAM.
+ consumer_buffer_duration_s = 1.0
+ self.consumer_buffer_size = int(
+ effective_rate_sps * consumer_buffer_duration_s
+ )
+ if downsample_mode == "aggregate":
+ self.consumer_buffer_size *= 2
+ self.consumer_num_buffers = 5 # A pool of 5 buffers
+
+ # The Picoscope driver buffer is sized to hold 0.5 seconds of data. This
+ # buffer receives data directly from the hardware. A smaller size ensures
+ # that the application receives data in timely chunks, reducing latency.
+ driver_buffer_duration_s = 0.5
+ self.pico_driver_buffer_size = int(
+ effective_rate_sps * driver_buffer_duration_s
+ )
+ self.pico_driver_num_buffers = (
+ 1 # A single large buffer is efficient for the driver
+ )
+
+ logger.info(
+ f"Consumer buffer sized to {self.consumer_buffer_size:,} samples "
+ f"({consumer_buffer_duration_s}s at effective rate)"
+ )
+ logger.info(
+ f"Pico driver buffer sized to {self.pico_driver_buffer_size:,} samples "
+ f"({driver_buffer_duration_s}s at effective rate)"
+ )
+
+ # --- Plotting Decimation ---
+ # Calculate the decimation factor needed to achieve the target number of plot points.
+ points_per_timestep = 2 if downsample_mode == "aggregate" else 1
+ samples_in_window = effective_rate_sps * plot_window_s * points_per_timestep
+ self.decimation_factor = max(1, int(samples_in_window / plot_points))
+ logger.info(
+ f"Plotting with target of {plot_points} points. "
+ f"Calculated decimation factor: {self.decimation_factor}"
+ )
+
+ # Picoscope hardware settings
+ self.pico_resolution = f"PS5000A_DR_{resolution_bits}BIT"
+ self.pico_channel_range = channel_range_str
+ self.pico_sample_interval_ns = int(1000 / sample_rate_msps)
+ self.pico_sample_unit = "PS5000A_NS"
+
+ # Streaming settings
+ self.pico_auto_stop = 0 # Don't auto stop
+ self.pico_auto_stop_stream = False
+ # --- End Configuration ---
+
+ # --- System Components ---
+ self.shutdown_event: threading.Event = threading.Event()
+ data_queue: queue.Queue[int] = queue.Queue()
+ empty_queue: queue.Queue[int] = queue.Queue()
+ data_buffers: List[np.ndarray] = []
+
+ # Pre-allocate a pool of numpy arrays for data transfer and populate the
+ # empty_queue with their indices.
+ for idx in range(self.consumer_num_buffers):
+ data_buffers.append(np.empty((self.consumer_buffer_size,), dtype="int16"))
+ empty_queue.put(idx)
+
+ # --- Producer ---
+ self.pico_device: PicoDevice = PicoDevice(
+ 0, # handle
+ self.pico_resolution,
+ self.pico_driver_buffer_size,
+ self.pico_driver_num_buffers,
+ self.consumer_buffer_size,
+ data_queue,
+ empty_queue,
+ data_buffers,
+ self.shutdown_event,
+ downsample_mode=downsample_mode,
+ )
+
+ self.pico_device.set_channel(
+ "PS5000A_CHANNEL_A", 1, "PS5000A_DC", self.pico_channel_range, offset_v
+ )
+ self.pico_device.set_channel(
+ "PS5000A_CHANNEL_B", 0, "PS5000A_DC", self.pico_channel_range, 0.0
+ )
+ self.pico_device.set_data_buffer("PS5000A_CHANNEL_A", 0, pico_ratio_mode)
+ self.pico_device.configure_streaming_var(
+ self.pico_sample_interval_ns,
+ self.pico_sample_unit,
+ 0, # pre-trigger samples
+ pico_downsample_ratio,
+ pico_ratio_mode,
+ self.pico_auto_stop,
+ self.pico_auto_stop_stream,
+ )
+
+ # Run streaming once to get the actual sample interval from the driver
+ self.pico_device.run_streaming()
+
+ # --- Consumer ---
+ # Get metadata from configured device and pass to consumer
+ metadata = self.pico_device.get_metadata()
+ self.consumer: Consumer = Consumer(
+ self.consumer_buffer_size,
+ data_queue,
+ empty_queue,
+ data_buffers,
+ output_file,
+ self.shutdown_event,
+ metadata=metadata,
+ )
+
+ # --- Threads ---
+ self.consumer_thread: threading.Thread = threading.Thread(
+ target=self.consumer.consume
+ )
+ self.pico_thread: threading.Thread = threading.Thread(
+ target=self.pico_device.run_capture
+ )
+
+ # --- Signal Handling ---
+ # Only set the signal handler if not in GUI mode.
+ # In GUI mode, the main function will handle signals to quit the Qt app.
+ if not self.enable_live_plot:
+ signal.signal(signal.SIGINT, self.signal_handler)
+
+ # --- Live Plotting (optional) ---
+ self.start_time: Optional[float] = None
+
+ def _validate_config(
+ self,
+ resolution_bits: int,
+ sample_rate_msps: float,
+ channel_range_str: str,
+ hardware_downsample: int,
+ downsample_mode: str,
+ offset_v: float,
+ ) -> tuple[float, int, str, float]:
+ """Validates user-provided settings and returns derived configuration."""
+ if resolution_bits == 8:
+ max_rate_msps = 125.0
+ elif resolution_bits in [12, 14, 15, 16]:
+ max_rate_msps = 62.5
+ else:
+ raise ValueError(
+ f"Unsupported resolution: {resolution_bits} bits. Must be one of 8, 12, 14, 15, 16."
+ )
+
+ if sample_rate_msps <= 0:
+ sample_rate_msps = max_rate_msps
+ logger.info(f"Max sample rate requested. Setting to {max_rate_msps} MS/s.")
+
+ if sample_rate_msps > max_rate_msps:
+ raise ValueError(
+ f"Sample rate {sample_rate_msps} MS/s exceeds maximum of {max_rate_msps} MS/s for {resolution_bits}-bit resolution."
+ )
+
+ # Check if sample rate is excessive for the analog bandwidth.
+ # Bandwidth is dependent on both resolution and voltage range.
+ # (Based on PicoScope 5000A/B Series datasheet)
+ inv_voltage_map = {v: k for k, v in VOLTAGE_RANGE_MAP.items()}
+ voltage_v = inv_voltage_map.get(channel_range_str, 0)
+
+ if resolution_bits == 16:
+ bandwidth_mhz = 20 # 20 MHz for all ranges
+ elif resolution_bits == 15:
+ # Bandwidth is 70MHz for < ±5V, 60MHz for >= ±5V
+ bandwidth_mhz = 70 if voltage_v < 5.0 else 60
+ else: # 8-14 bits
+ # Bandwidth is 100MHz for < ±5V, 60MHz for >= ±5V
+ bandwidth_mhz = 100 if voltage_v < 5.0 else 60
+
+ # Nyquist rate is 2x bandwidth. A common rule of thumb is 3-5x.
+ # Warn if sampling faster than 5x the analog bandwidth.
+ if sample_rate_msps > 5 * bandwidth_mhz:
+ logger.warning(
+ f"Sample rate ({sample_rate_msps} MS/s) may be unnecessarily high "
+ f"for the selected voltage range ({channel_range_str}), which has an "
+ f"analog bandwidth of {bandwidth_mhz} MHz."
+ )
+
+ if downsample_mode == "aggregate" and hardware_downsample <= 1:
+ raise ValueError(
+ "Hardware downsample ratio must be > 1 for 'aggregate' mode."
+ )
+
+ if hardware_downsample > 1:
+ pico_downsample_ratio = hardware_downsample
+ pico_ratio_mode = f"PS5000A_RATIO_MODE_{downsample_mode.upper()}"
+ logger.info(
+ f"Hardware down-sampling ({downsample_mode}) enabled "
+ + f"with ratio {pico_downsample_ratio}."
+ )
+ else:
+ pico_downsample_ratio = 1
+ pico_ratio_mode = "PS5000A_RATIO_MODE_NONE"
+
+ # Validate analog offset
+ if offset_v != 0.0:
+ if voltage_v >= 5.0:
+ raise ValueError(
+ f"Analog offset is not supported for voltage ranges >= 5V (selected: {channel_range_str})."
+ )
+ if abs(offset_v) > voltage_v:
+ raise ValueError(
+ f"Analog offset ({offset_v}V) exceeds the selected voltage range (±{voltage_v}V)."
+ )
+ logger.info(f"Analog offset set to {offset_v:.3f}V.")
+
+ return sample_rate_msps, pico_downsample_ratio, pico_ratio_mode, offset_v
+
+ def signal_handler(self, _sig: int, frame: Optional[object]) -> None:
+ """Handles Ctrl+C interrupts to initiate a graceful shutdown."""
+ logger.warning("Ctrl+C detected. Shutting down.")
+ self.shutdown()
+
+ def shutdown(self) -> None:
+ """Performs a graceful shutdown of all components.
+
+ This method calculates final statistics, stops all threads, closes the
+ plotter, and ensures the Picoscope device is properly closed.
+ """
+ if self.shutdown_event.is_set():
+ return
+
+ self._log_acquisition_summary()
+ self.shutdown_event.set()
+
+ logger.info("Stopping data acquisition and saving...")
+
+ self._join_threads()
+ self.pico_device.close_device()
+
+ logger.success("Shutdown complete.")
+
+ def _log_acquisition_summary(self) -> None:
+ """Calculates and logs final acquisition statistics."""
+ if not self.start_time:
+ return
+
+ end_time = time.time()
+ duration = end_time - self.start_time
+ total_samples = self.consumer.values_written
+ effective_rate_msps = (total_samples / duration) / 1e6 if duration > 0 else 0
+ configured_rate_msps = 1e3 / self.pico_device.sample_int.value
+
+ logger.info("--- Acquisition Summary ---")
+ logger.info(f"Total acquisition time: {duration:.2f} s")
+ logger.info(
+ "Total samples written: "
+ + f"{self.consumer.format_sample_count(total_samples)}"
+ )
+ logger.info(f"Configured sample rate: {configured_rate_msps:.2f} MS/s")
+ logger.info(f"Effective average rate: {effective_rate_msps:.2f} MS/s")
+
+ rate_ratio = (
+ effective_rate_msps / configured_rate_msps
+ if configured_rate_msps > 0
+ else 0
+ )
+ if rate_ratio < 0.95:
+ logger.warning(
+ f"Effective rate was only {rate_ratio:.1%} " + "of the configured rate."
+ )
+ else:
+ logger.success("Effective rate matches configured rate.")
+ logger.info("--------------------------")
+
+ def _join_threads(self) -> None:
+ """Waits for the producer and consumer threads to terminate."""
+ for thread_name in ["pico_thread", "consumer_thread"]:
+ thread = getattr(self, thread_name, None)
+ if thread and thread.is_alive():
+ logger.info(f"Waiting for {thread_name} to terminate...")
+ thread.join(timeout=2.0)
+ if thread.is_alive():
+ logger.critical(f"{thread_name} failed to terminate.")
+
+ def run(self, app: Optional[QApplication] = None) -> None:
+ """Starts the acquisition threads and optionally the Qt event loop."""
+ # Start acquisition threads
+ self.start_time = time.time()
+ self.consumer_thread.start()
+ self.pico_thread.start()
+
+ # Handle Qt event loop if plotting is enabled
+ if self.enable_live_plot and app:
+ from .dfplot import HDF5LivePlotter
+
+ plotter = HDF5LivePlotter(
+ hdf5_path=self.output_file,
+ display_window_seconds=self.plot_window_s,
+ decimation_factor=self.decimation_factor,
+ shutdown_event=self.shutdown_event,
+ )
+ plotter.show()
+
+ # Run the Qt event loop. This will block until the plot window is closed.
+ app.exec_()
+
+ # Once the window is closed, the shutdown event should have been set.
+ # We call shutdown() to ensure threads are joined and cleanup happens.
+ self.shutdown()
+ else:
+ # Original non-GUI behavior
+ self.consumer_thread.join()
+ self.pico_thread.join()
+ logger.success("Acquisition complete!")
+
+
+# --- Argument Parsing ---
+VOLTAGE_RANGE_MAP = {
+ 0.01: "PS5000A_10MV",
+ 0.02: "PS5000A_20MV",
+ 0.05: "PS5000A_50MV",
+ 0.1: "PS5000A_100MV",
+ 0.2: "PS5000A_200MV",
+ 0.5: "PS5000A_500MV",
+ 1: "PS5000A_1V",
+ 2: "PS5000A_2V",
+ 5: "PS5000A_5V",
+ 10: "PS5000A_10V",
+ 20: "PS5000A_20V",
+}
+
+
+@click.command()
+@click.option(
+ "--sample-rate",
+ "-s",
+ type=float,
+ default=20,
+ help="Sample rate in MS/s (e.g., 62.5). Use 0 for max rate. [default: 20]",
+)
+@click.option(
+ "--resolution",
+ "-b",
+ type=click.Choice(["8", "12", "16"]),
+ default="12",
+ help="Resolution in bits. [default: 12]",
+)
+@click.option(
+ "--rangev",
+ "-r",
+ type=click.Choice([str(k) for k in sorted(VOLTAGE_RANGE_MAP.keys())]),
+ default="20",
+ help=f"Voltage range in Volts. [default: 20]",
+)
+@click.option(
+ "--plot/--no-plot",
+ "-p",
+ is_flag=True,
+ default=True,
+ help="Enable/disable live plotting. [default: --plot]",
+)
+@click.option(
+ "--output",
+ "-o",
+ type=click.Path(dir_okay=False, writable=True),
+ help="Output HDF5 file (default: auto-timestamped).",
+)
+@click.option(
+ "--plot-window",
+ "-w",
+ type=float,
+ default=0.5,
+ help="Live plot display window duration in seconds. [default: 0.5]",
+)
+@click.option(
+ "--verbose", "-v", is_flag=True, default=False, help="Enable debug logging."
+)
+@click.option(
+ "--plot-npts",
+ "-n",
+ type=int,
+ default=4000,
+ help="Target number of points for the plot window. [default: 4000]",
+)
+@click.option(
+ "--hardware-downsample",
+ "-h",
+ type=int,
+ default=1,
+ help="Hardware down-sampling ratio (power of 2 for 'average' mode). [default: 1]",
+)
+@click.option(
+ "--downsample-mode",
+ "-m",
+ type=click.Choice(["average", "aggregate"]),
+ default="average",
+ help="Hardware down-sampling mode. [default: average]",
+)
+@click.option(
+ "--offset",
+ type=float,
+ default=0.0,
+ help="Analog offset in Volts (only for ranges < 5V). [default: 0.0]",
+)
+def main(
+ sample_rate: float,
+ resolution: str,
+ rangev: str,
+ plot: bool,
+ output: Optional[str],
+ plot_window: float,
+ verbose: bool,
+ plot_npts: int,
+ hardware_downsample: int,
+ downsample_mode: str,
+ offset: float,
+) -> None:
+ """High-speed data acquisition tool for Picoscope 5000a series."""
+ # --- Argument Validation and Processing ---
+ channel_range_str = VOLTAGE_RANGE_MAP[float(rangev)]
+ resolution_bits = int(resolution)
+
+ app: Optional[QApplication] = None
+ if plot:
+ from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QApplication
+
+ app = QApplication(sys.argv)
+
+ # When plotting, SIGINT should gracefully close the Qt application.
+ # The main loop will then handle the shutdown.
+ def sigint_handler(_sig: int, _frame: Optional[object]) -> None:
+ logger.warning("Ctrl+C detected. Closing application.")
+ QApplication.quit()
+
+ signal.signal(signal.SIGINT, sigint_handler)
+
+ # Configure logging
+ logger.remove()
+ log_level = "DEBUG" if verbose else "INFO"
+ logger.add(sys.stderr, level=log_level)
+ logger.info(f"Logging configured at level: {log_level}")
+
+ # Auto-generate filename if not specified
+ if not output:
+ timestamp = datetime.now().strftime("%Y%m%d_%H%M%S")
+ output = f"./output_{timestamp}.hdf5"
+
+ logger.info(f"Output file: {output}")
+ logger.info(f"Selected voltage range: {rangev}V -> {channel_range_str}")
+
+ try:
+ # Create and run the streamer
+ streamer = Streamer(
+ sample_rate_msps=sample_rate,
+ resolution_bits=resolution_bits,
+ channel_range_str=channel_range_str,
+ enable_live_plot=plot,
+ output_file=output,
+ debug=verbose,
+ plot_window_s=plot_window,
+ plot_points=plot_npts,
+ hardware_downsample=hardware_downsample,
+ downsample_mode=downsample_mode,
+ offset_v=offset,
+ )
+ streamer.run(app)
+ except RuntimeError as e:
+ if "PICO_NOT_FOUND" in str(e):
+ logger.critical(
+ "Picoscope device not found. Please check connection and ensure no other software is using it."
+ )
+ else:
+ logger.critical(f"Failed to initialize Picoscope: {e}")
+ sys.exit(1)
+
+ # --- Verification Step ---
+ logger.info(f"Verifying output file: {output}")
+ try:
+ expected_samples = streamer.consumer.values_written
+ if expected_samples == 0:
+ logger.warning("Consumer processed no samples. Nothing to verify.")
+ else:
+ with h5py.File(output, "r") as f:
+ if "adc_counts" not in f:
+ raise ValueError("Dataset 'adc_counts' not found in HDF5 file.")
+
+ actual_samples = len(f["adc_counts"])
+ if actual_samples == expected_samples:
+ logger.success(
+ f"Verification PASSED: File contains {actual_samples} samples, as expected."
+ )
+ else:
+ logger.error(
+ f"Verification FAILED: Expected {expected_samples} samples, but file has {actual_samples}."
+ )
+ except Exception as e:
+ logger.error(f"HDF5 file verification failed: {e}")
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+ main()
diff --git a/picostream/pico.py b/picostream/pico.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4ec0f2c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/picostream/pico.py
@@ -0,0 +1,495 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import ctypes
+import queue
+import threading
+import time
+from typing import Any, Dict, List, Optional
+
+import numpy as np
+from loguru import logger
+
+from picosdk.functions import PICO_STATUS
+from picosdk.errors import CannotFindPicoSDKError
+try:
+ from picosdk.ps5000a import ps5000a as ps
+except CannotFindPicoSDKError:
+ logger.critical("PICOSDK IMPORT FAILED: CANNOT FIND SDK LIB - download from pico website")
+
+
+
+def check_status(status: int, function_name: str) -> None:
+ """Check the status returned by a Picoscope SDK call and raise on error.
+
+ Args:
+ status: The status code returned by the SDK function.
+ function_name: The name of the function that was called.
+
+ Raises:
+ Exception: If the status is not PICO_OK.
+ """
+ if status != PICO_STATUS["PICO_OK"]:
+ # Find the string name of the error code
+ error_name = next(
+ (k for k, v in PICO_STATUS.items() if v == status), "PICO_UNKNOWN_ERROR"
+ )
+ raise RuntimeError(
+ f"{function_name} failed with status {status} ({error_name})"
+ )
+
+
+class PicoDevice:
+ """A class to manage a Picoscope 5000a series device for data streaming.
+
+ This class handles device configuration, buffer management, and the data
+ capture loop. It acts as the "producer" in a producer-consumer pattern.
+
+ Data Formats:
+ - average mode: Single stream of averaged ADC values
+ - aggregate mode: Interleaved stream [min1, max1, min2, max2, ...]
+ where each pair represents one downsampled timestep
+
+ Buffer Management:
+ - SDK buffers: Direct hardware interface (bufferA, bufferB for aggregate)
+ - Application buffers: Larger buffers for efficient file writing
+ - Interleaved buffer: Temporary buffer for aggregate mode processing
+ """
+
+ def __init__(
+ self,
+ handle: int,
+ resolution: str,
+ pico_buffer_size: int,
+ pico_num_buffers: int,
+ comp_buffer_size: int,
+ data_queue: queue.Queue[int],
+ empty_queue: queue.Queue[int],
+ data_buffers: List[np.ndarray],
+ shutdown_event: threading.Event,
+ downsample_mode: str = "average",
+ ) -> None:
+ """Initializes the PicoDevice and opens a connection to the hardware.
+
+ Args:
+ handle: The device handle provided by the SDK.
+ resolution: The desired resolution, e.g., "PS5000A_DR_16BIT".
+ pico_buffer_size: The size of each buffer allocated within the SDK.
+ pico_num_buffers: The number of buffers for the SDK to use.
+ comp_buffer_size: The size of the application-side buffers for writing to disk.
+ data_queue: Queue to send indices of full buffers to the consumer.
+ empty_queue: Queue to receive indices of empty buffers from the consumer.
+ data_buffers: A list of pre-allocated numpy arrays for data transfer.
+ shutdown_event: A threading.Event to signal shutdown.
+ """
+ # --- Device and Resolution ---
+ self.handle: ctypes.c_int16 = ctypes.c_int16(handle)
+ self.resolution: str = resolution
+ res_enum = ps.PS5000A_DEVICE_RESOLUTION[resolution]
+
+ # --- Picoscope SDK Buffer Configuration ---
+ self.pico_buffer_size: int = pico_buffer_size
+ self.pico_num_buffers: int = pico_num_buffers
+ self.total_samples: int = self.pico_buffer_size * self.pico_num_buffers
+
+ # --- Application Buffer (for file writing) ---
+ self.comp_buffer_size: int = comp_buffer_size
+
+ # --- Internal Data Buffer (receives data from SDK) ---
+ self.downsample_mode = downsample_mode
+ self.bufferA: np.ndarray = np.zeros(shape=self.pico_buffer_size, dtype=np.int16)
+ self.bufferB: Optional[np.ndarray] = None
+ self.interleaved_buffer: Optional[np.ndarray] = None
+ if self.downsample_mode == "aggregate":
+ self.bufferB = np.zeros(shape=self.pico_buffer_size, dtype=np.int16)
+ self.interleaved_buffer = np.zeros(
+ shape=self.pico_buffer_size * 2, dtype=np.int16
+ )
+
+ # --- Ctypes and Callback ---
+ self.callbackFuncPtr = ps.StreamingReadyType(self.streaming_callback)
+ self.max_adc: ctypes.c_int16 = ctypes.c_int16()
+
+ # --- Channel Configuration ---
+ self.channel_range: Optional[int] = None
+ self.voltage_range_v: Optional[float] = None
+ self.channel_a_coupling: Optional[str] = None
+ self.analog_offset_v: float = 0.0
+ self.channel_a_range_str: Optional[str] = None
+
+ # --- Threading and Queues ---
+ self.shutdown_event: threading.Event = shutdown_event
+ self.data_queue: queue.Queue[int] = data_queue
+ self.empty_queue: queue.Queue[int] = empty_queue
+ self.data_buffers: List[np.ndarray] = data_buffers
+
+ # --- Buffer Management State ---
+ self.buf_idx: int = self.empty_queue.get()
+ self.buf_used: int = 0
+ self.buf_free: int = self.comp_buffer_size
+
+ # --- Streaming Configuration ---
+ self.streaming_configured: bool = False
+ self.sample_int: Optional[ctypes.c_int32] = None
+ self.sample_unit: Optional[int] = None
+ self.ratio: Optional[int] = None
+ self.pre_trig_samples: Optional[int] = None
+ self.down_sample_ratio: Optional[int] = None
+ self.auto_stop: Optional[int] = None
+ self.auto_stop_stream: Optional[int] = None
+
+ # --- Status and Performance Metrics ---
+ self.captured_samples: int = 0
+ self.empty_pro_queue_count: int = 0
+ self.overvoltage_count: int = 0
+ self.hardware_buffer_overflow_count: int = 0
+ self.callback_durations: List[float] = []
+
+ # --- Aggregate Mode Performance Tracking ---
+ self.interleave_durations: List[float] = []
+
+ # --- Open device connection ---
+ status = ps.ps5000aOpenUnit(ctypes.byref(self.handle), None, res_enum)
+ check_status(status, "ps5000aOpenUnit")
+
+ status = ps.ps5000aMaximumValue(self.handle, ctypes.byref(self.max_adc))
+ check_status(status, "ps5000aMaximumValue")
+
+ def set_channel(
+ self, chan: str, en: int, coup: str, voltage_range_str: str, offset: float
+ ) -> None:
+ """Configure a channel on the Picoscope.
+
+ Args:
+ chan: The channel identifier string, e.g., "PS5000A_CHANNEL_A".
+ en: Whether the channel is enabled (1) or disabled (0).
+ coup: The coupling type string, e.g., "PS5000A_DC".
+ voltage_range_str: The voltage range string, e.g., "PS5000A_20V".
+ offset: The analog voltage offset in Volts.
+ """
+ channel_range_enum = ps.PS5000A_RANGE[voltage_range_str]
+ self.channel_range = channel_range_enum
+
+ # Store the actual voltage range for metadata and conversion
+ range_to_voltage = {
+ "PS5000A_10MV": 0.01,
+ "PS5000A_20MV": 0.02,
+ "PS5000A_50MV": 0.05,
+ "PS5000A_100MV": 0.1,
+ "PS5000A_200MV": 0.2,
+ "PS5000A_500MV": 0.5,
+ "PS5000A_1V": 1.0,
+ "PS5000A_2V": 2.0,
+ "PS5000A_5V": 5.0,
+ "PS5000A_10V": 10.0,
+ "PS5000A_20V": 20.0,
+ }
+ self.voltage_range_v = range_to_voltage.get(voltage_range_str)
+
+ if chan == "PS5000A_CHANNEL_A" and en:
+ self.channel_a_coupling = coup
+ self.channel_a_range_str = voltage_range_str
+ self.analog_offset_v = offset
+
+ channel_enum = ps.PS5000A_CHANNEL[chan]
+ coupling_enum = ps.PS5000A_COUPLING[coup]
+ status = ps.ps5000aSetChannel(
+ self.handle, channel_enum, en, coupling_enum, channel_range_enum, offset
+ )
+ check_status(status, f"ps5000aSetChannel ({chan})")
+ logger.debug(
+ f"Range '{voltage_range_str}' maps to enum value: {channel_range_enum}, voltage range: {self.voltage_range_v}V"
+ )
+
+ def set_data_buffer(self, chan: str, segment: int, rat: str) -> None:
+ """Set up the data buffer for a specific channel for streaming.
+
+ Args:
+ chan: The channel identifier string, e.g., "PS5000A_CHANNEL_A".
+ segment: The memory segment to use (0 for streaming).
+ rat: The ratio mode string, e.g., "PS5000A_RATIO_MODE_NONE".
+ """
+ channel_enum = ps.PS5000A_CHANNEL[chan]
+ ratio_enum = ps.PS5000A_RATIO_MODE[rat]
+
+ buffer_min_ptr = None
+ if self.bufferB is not None:
+ buffer_min_ptr = self.bufferB.ctypes.data_as(ctypes.POINTER(ctypes.c_int16))
+
+ status = ps.ps5000aSetDataBuffers(
+ self.handle,
+ channel_enum,
+ self.bufferA.ctypes.data_as(ctypes.POINTER(ctypes.c_int16)),
+ buffer_min_ptr,
+ self.pico_buffer_size,
+ segment,
+ ratio_enum,
+ )
+ check_status(status, f"ps5000aSetDataBuffers ({chan})")
+
+ def configure_streaming_var(
+ self,
+ samp_int: int,
+ samp_unit: str,
+ pre_trig_samp: int,
+ down_samp_rat: int,
+ rat: str,
+ auto_stop: int,
+ auto_stop_stream: int,
+ ) -> None:
+ """Store streaming parameters before starting the capture.
+
+ Args:
+ samp_int: The desired sample interval in `samp_unit` units.
+ samp_unit: The time unit string, e.g., "PS5000A_NS".
+ pre_trig_samp: The number of pre-trigger samples.
+ down_samp_rat: The downsampling ratio.
+ rat: The ratio mode string, e.g., "PS5000A_RATIO_MODE_NONE".
+ auto_stop: Whether to stop the capture automatically (1) or not (0).
+ auto_stop_stream: Deprecated, not used.
+ """
+ self.sample_int = ctypes.c_int32(samp_int)
+ self.sample_unit = ps.PS5000A_TIME_UNITS[samp_unit]
+ self.ratio = ps.PS5000A_RATIO_MODE[rat]
+ self.pre_trig_samples = pre_trig_samp
+ self.down_sample_ratio = down_samp_rat
+ self.auto_stop = auto_stop
+ self.auto_stop_stream = auto_stop_stream
+
+ def get_metadata(self) -> Dict[str, Any]:
+ """Return comprehensive acquisition metadata."""
+ metadata = {
+ "resolution": self.resolution,
+ "sample_interval_ns": self.sample_int.value if self.sample_int else None,
+ "voltage_range_v": self.voltage_range_v,
+ "channel_a_coupling": self.channel_a_coupling,
+ "channel_a_range": self.channel_a_range_str,
+ "downsample_mode": self.downsample_mode,
+ "analog_offset_v": self.analog_offset_v,
+ "hardware_downsample_ratio": self.down_sample_ratio,
+ "max_adc": self.max_adc.value,
+ "data_format_version": "2.0",
+ }
+
+ if self.downsample_mode == "aggregate":
+ metadata.update(
+ {
+ "aggregate_format": "interleaved_min_max",
+ "aggregate_description": "Data format: [min1, max1, min2, max2, ...]",
+ }
+ )
+
+ return metadata
+
+ def run_streaming(self) -> None:
+ """Starts the Picoscope streaming capture."""
+ status = ps.ps5000aRunStreaming(
+ self.handle,
+ ctypes.byref(self.sample_int),
+ self.sample_unit,
+ self.pre_trig_samples,
+ self.total_samples,
+ self.auto_stop,
+ self.down_sample_ratio,
+ self.ratio,
+ self.pico_buffer_size,
+ )
+ check_status(status, "ps5000aRunStreaming")
+ self.streaming_configured = True
+ logger.info(
+ f"Streaming configured. Actual sample interval: {self.sample_int.value} ns"
+ )
+
+ def streaming_callback(
+ self,
+ _handle: int,
+ noOfSamples: int,
+ startIndex: int,
+ overvoltage_flags: int,
+ _triggerAt: int,
+ _triggered: int,
+ _autoStop: int,
+ _param: int,
+ ) -> None:
+ """Callback function executed by the SDK when new streaming data is available.
+
+ This function is the heart of the producer. It copies data from the
+ Picoscope's internal buffer into the application's shared buffer pool.
+ When an application buffer is full, its index is placed on the data_queue
+ for the consumer.
+
+ Note: This function is called from a thread created by the Picoscope SDK.
+ It must be fast and thread-safe.
+ """
+ if overvoltage_flags:
+ self.overvoltage_count += 1
+ logger.warning(
+ "Picoscope ADC over-range detected (saturation/clipping)."
+ )
+
+ # Stop processing if a shutdown is requested.
+ if self.shutdown_event.is_set():
+ return
+
+ callback_start_time = time.perf_counter()
+ if noOfSamples > 0:
+ self.captured_samples += noOfSamples
+
+ source_buffer = self.bufferA
+ samples_to_process = noOfSamples
+
+ # In aggregate mode, interleave the min/max buffers into one
+ if (
+ self.downsample_mode == "aggregate"
+ and self.bufferB is not None
+ and self.interleaved_buffer is not None
+ ):
+ interleave_start = time.perf_counter()
+
+ # The SDK provides min/max data in separate buffers (B/A).
+ # We interleave them into a single [min, max, min, max, ...]
+ # stream for the consumer.
+ total_interleaved_samples = noOfSamples * 2
+
+ # Use numpy's more efficient interleaving
+ np.stack(
+ [
+ self.bufferB[startIndex : startIndex + noOfSamples],
+ self.bufferA[startIndex : startIndex + noOfSamples],
+ ],
+ axis=1,
+ out=self.interleaved_buffer[:total_interleaved_samples].reshape(
+ -1, 2
+ ),
+ )
+
+ source_buffer = self.interleaved_buffer
+ samples_to_process = total_interleaved_samples
+ # After interleaving, the source index is always 0
+ source_index = 0
+
+ # Track interleaving performance
+ self.interleave_durations.append(
+ (time.perf_counter() - interleave_start) * 1000
+ )
+ else:
+ source_index = startIndex
+
+ # This loop copies data from the source_buffer into
+ # our larger, shared application buffers (self.data_buffers).
+ while samples_to_process > 0:
+ # Determine how much space is left in the current application buffer.
+ self.buf_free = self.comp_buffer_size - self.buf_used
+ copy_size = min(samples_to_process, self.buf_free)
+
+ # Copy the data slice.
+ self.data_buffers[self.buf_idx][
+ self.buf_used : self.buf_used + copy_size
+ ] = source_buffer[source_index : source_index + copy_size]
+
+ # Update pointers and remaining sample counts.
+ self.buf_used += copy_size
+ samples_to_process -= copy_size
+ source_index += copy_size
+
+ # If the current application buffer is full...
+ if self.buf_used == self.comp_buffer_size:
+ # ...send its index to the consumer.
+ self.data_queue.put(self.buf_idx)
+ try:
+ # ...and get a new empty buffer from the consumer.
+ self.buf_idx = self.empty_queue.get_nowait()
+ self.buf_used = 0
+ except queue.Empty:
+ # This is a critical failure. The consumer is not keeping up.
+ self.empty_pro_queue_count += 1
+ logger.critical(
+ "Producer queue is empty. Consumer cannot keep up. "
+ "Shutting down to prevent data loss."
+ )
+ self.shutdown_event.set()
+ return # Exit immediately.
+
+ duration_ms = (time.perf_counter() - callback_start_time) * 1000
+ self.callback_durations.append(duration_ms)
+
+ def run_capture(self) -> None:
+ """The main capture loop for the producer thread."""
+ if not self.streaming_configured:
+ self.run_streaming()
+
+ # This loop polls the SDK for new data, which triggers the callback.
+ while not self.shutdown_event.is_set():
+ status = ps.ps5000aGetStreamingLatestValues(
+ self.handle, self.callbackFuncPtr, None
+ )
+
+ if status == PICO_STATUS["PICO_BUFFER_STALL"]:
+ self.hardware_buffer_overflow_count += 1
+ logger.critical(
+ "Picoscope hardware buffer overflow occurred. Data was lost."
+ )
+ elif status not in [
+ PICO_STATUS["PICO_OK"],
+ PICO_STATUS["PICO_NO_SAMPLES_AVAILABLE"],
+ PICO_STATUS["PICO_BUSY"],
+ PICO_STATUS["PICO_DATA_NOT_AVAILABLE"],
+ PICO_STATUS["PICO_DRIVER_FUNCTION"],
+ ]:
+ check_status(status, "ps5000aGetStreamingLatestValues")
+
+ # Yield the GIL to other threads.
+ time.sleep(0.001)
+
+ # --- Shutdown and reporting ---
+ logger.info(
+ f"Producer couldn't obtain an empty queue {self.empty_pro_queue_count} times."
+ )
+ if self.hardware_buffer_overflow_count > 0:
+ logger.critical(
+ f"Picoscope hardware buffer overflowed {self.hardware_buffer_overflow_count} times. "
+ "This indicates the application could not process data fast enough from the driver."
+ )
+ if self.overvoltage_count > 0:
+ logger.warning(
+ f"Picoscope ADC over-ranged (clipped) {self.overvoltage_count} times."
+ )
+ if self.callback_durations:
+ logger.info("--- Callback Performance ---")
+ logger.info(f"Total callbacks: {len(self.callback_durations)}")
+ logger.info(f"Min duration: {min(self.callback_durations):.2f} ms")
+ logger.info(f"Max duration: {max(self.callback_durations):.2f} ms")
+ logger.info(f"Avg duration: {np.mean(self.callback_durations):.2f} ms")
+ logger.info("--------------------------")
+
+ # Report aggregate mode performance if applicable
+ if self.downsample_mode == "aggregate" and self.interleave_durations:
+ logger.info("--- Aggregate Mode Performance ---")
+ logger.info(
+ f"Total interleave operations: {len(self.interleave_durations)}"
+ )
+ logger.info(
+ f"Min interleave duration: {min(self.interleave_durations):.3f} ms"
+ )
+ logger.info(
+ f"Max interleave duration: {max(self.interleave_durations):.3f} ms"
+ )
+ logger.info(
+ f"Avg interleave duration: {np.mean(self.interleave_durations):.3f} ms"
+ )
+ logger.info("----------------------------------")
+
+ def close_device(self) -> None:
+ """Stops the Picoscope and closes the connection."""
+ # Check if handle is valid before trying to close.
+ if self.handle.value > 0:
+ status_stop = ps.ps5000aStop(self.handle)
+ if status_stop != PICO_STATUS["PICO_OK"]:
+ logger.warning(f"ps5000aStop failed with status {status_stop}")
+
+ status_close = ps.ps5000aCloseUnit(self.handle)
+ if status_close != PICO_STATUS["PICO_OK"]:
+ logger.warning(f"ps5000aCloseUnit failed with status {status_close}")
+
+ # Invalidate handle to prevent reuse.
+ self.handle.value = 0
+ logger.info("Picoscope connection closed.")
diff --git a/picostream/reader.py b/picostream/reader.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..aa3e425
--- /dev/null
+++ b/picostream/reader.py
@@ -0,0 +1,259 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from typing import Generator, Tuple
+
+import h5py
+import numpy as np
+
+from .conversion_utils import adc_to_mV, min_max_decimate_numba
+
+
+class PicoStreamReader:
+ """A helper class to read and interpret data from picostream HDF5 files.
+
+ This class provides a simple context-manager interface to open HDF5 files,
+ read metadata, and retrieve blocks of data as time and voltage arrays.
+
+ It correctly handles the `analog_offset_v` if it is present in the file's
+ metadata.
+
+ Example:
+ >>> with PicoStreamReader("output.hdf5") as reader:
+ ... print(f"Sample rate: {1e9 / reader.sample_interval_ns:.2f} S/s")
+ ... # Iterate through the whole file
+ ... for times, voltages in reader.get_block_iter(chunk_size=1_000_000):
+ ... # process data
+ ... pass
+ ...
+ ... # Or iterate with 20x decimation (mean)
+ ... for times, voltages in reader.get_block_iter(
+ ... chunk_size=1_000_000, decimation_factor=20, decimation_mode='mean'
+ ... ):
+ ... # process decimated data
+ ... pass
+ ...
+ ... # Or get blocks sequentially
+ ... reader.reset() # Reset internal counter
+ ... while True:
+ ... block = reader.get_next_block(chunk_size=500_000)
+ ... if block is None:
+ ... break
+ ... times, voltages = block
+ ... # process data
+ """
+
+ def __init__(self, hdf5_path: str):
+ """Initializes the PicoStreamReader.
+
+ Args:
+ hdf5_path: Path to the HDF5 file.
+ """
+ self.hdf5_path = hdf5_path
+ self._file: h5py.File | None = None
+ self.dset: h5py.Dataset | None = None
+ self._current_pos: int = 0
+
+ # Metadata attributes, populated in __enter__
+ self.sample_interval_ns: float = 0.0
+ self.voltage_range_v: float = 0.0
+ self.max_adc_val: int = 0
+ self.downsample_mode: str = "average"
+ self.hardware_downsample_ratio: int = 1
+ self.analog_offset_v: float = 0.0
+
+ def __enter__(self) -> PicoStreamReader:
+ """Opens the HDF5 file and reads metadata."""
+ self._file = h5py.File(self.hdf5_path, "r")
+ self.dset = self._file["adc_counts"]
+
+ # Read metadata from file attributes
+ attrs = self._file.attrs
+ base_sample_interval_ns = attrs["sample_interval_ns"]
+ self.hardware_downsample_ratio = attrs.get("hardware_downsample_ratio", 1)
+ self.sample_interval_ns = (
+ base_sample_interval_ns * self.hardware_downsample_ratio
+ )
+ self.voltage_range_v = attrs["voltage_range_v"]
+ if "max_adc" in attrs:
+ self.max_adc_val = attrs["max_adc"]
+ elif "resolution" in attrs:
+ # Fallback for older files: calculate max_adc from resolution string
+ res_str = attrs["resolution"] # e.g., "PS5000A_DR_16BIT"
+ try:
+ # Extract bit depth (e.g., 16) from the string
+ res_int = int(res_str.split("_")[-1].replace("BIT", ""))
+ self.max_adc_val = (2 ** (res_int - 1)) - 1
+ except (ValueError, IndexError):
+ raise KeyError(
+ f"Could not parse 'resolution' attribute to determine max_adc: {res_str}"
+ )
+ else:
+ raise KeyError(
+ "HDF5 file is missing required 'max_adc' or 'resolution' attribute."
+ )
+ self.downsample_mode = attrs.get("downsample_mode", "average")
+ self.analog_offset_v = attrs.get("analog_offset_v", 0.0)
+
+ self.reset()
+ return self
+
+ def __exit__(self, exc_type, exc_val, exc_tb):
+ """Closes the HDF5 file."""
+ if self._file:
+ self._file.close()
+
+ @property
+ def num_samples(self) -> int:
+ """Total number of samples in the dataset."""
+ if self.dset:
+ return self.dset.shape[0]
+ return 0
+
+ def reset(self) -> None:
+ """Resets the internal position counter for get_next_block."""
+ self._current_pos = 0
+
+ def get_next_block(
+ self,
+ chunk_size: int,
+ decimation_factor: int = 1,
+ decimation_mode: str = "mean",
+ ) -> Tuple[np.ndarray, np.ndarray] | None:
+ """Retrieves the next block of data.
+
+ Args:
+ chunk_size: The maximum number of raw samples to retrieve.
+ decimation_factor: The factor by which to decimate the data.
+ decimation_mode: The decimation method ('mean' or 'min_max').
+
+ Returns:
+ A (times, voltages) tuple, or None if no more data is available.
+ """
+ if self._current_pos >= self.num_samples:
+ return None
+
+ size = min(chunk_size, self.num_samples - self._current_pos)
+ block = self.get_block(
+ size=size,
+ start=self._current_pos,
+ decimation_factor=decimation_factor,
+ decimation_mode=decimation_mode,
+ )
+ self._current_pos += size
+ return block
+
+ def get_block_iter(
+ self,
+ chunk_size: int = 1_000_000,
+ decimation_factor: int = 1,
+ decimation_mode: str = "mean",
+ ) -> Generator[Tuple[np.ndarray, np.ndarray], None, None]:
+ """Yields data blocks as (times, voltages) tuples for the entire dataset.
+
+ Args:
+ chunk_size: The size of each raw data chunk to yield.
+ decimation_factor: The factor by which to decimate the data.
+ decimation_mode: The decimation method ('mean' or 'min_max').
+ """
+ num_samples = self.num_samples
+ for start_idx in range(0, num_samples, chunk_size):
+ size = min(chunk_size, num_samples - start_idx)
+ yield self.get_block(
+ size=size,
+ start=start_idx,
+ decimation_factor=decimation_factor,
+ decimation_mode=decimation_mode,
+ )
+
+ def get_block(
+ self,
+ size: int,
+ start: int = 0,
+ decimation_factor: int = 1,
+ decimation_mode: str = "mean",
+ ) -> Tuple[np.ndarray, np.ndarray]:
+ """Retrieves a specific block of data and converts it to time and voltage.
+
+ Optionally, it can decimate the data using either averaging or a
+ min-max technique.
+
+ Args:
+ size: The number of raw samples to retrieve from the file.
+ start: The starting sample index.
+ decimation_factor: The factor by which to decimate the data.
+ decimation_mode: The decimation method ('mean' or 'min_max').
+
+ Returns:
+ A tuple containing:
+ - times (np.ndarray): The time axis in seconds.
+ - voltages (np.ndarray): The voltage data in millivolts.
+ """
+ if not self.dset:
+ raise RuntimeError("File not open. Use this class as a context manager.")
+
+ adc_data = self.dset[start : start + size]
+
+ if adc_data.size == 0:
+ return np.array([]), np.array([])
+
+ # --- Decimation ---
+ decimated_adc_data = adc_data
+ final_decimation_factor = 1
+
+ if decimation_factor > 1 and adc_data.size >= decimation_factor:
+ final_decimation_factor = decimation_factor
+
+ # Truncate data to be a multiple of the decimation factor
+ num_windows = adc_data.size // decimation_factor
+ truncated_len = num_windows * decimation_factor
+ adc_data_to_process = adc_data[:truncated_len]
+
+ if decimation_mode == "min_max":
+ decimated_adc_data = min_max_decimate_numba(
+ adc_data_to_process, decimation_factor
+ )
+ elif decimation_mode == "mean":
+ means = adc_data_to_process.reshape(
+ -1, decimation_factor
+ ).mean(axis=1)
+ decimated_adc_data = np.repeat(means, 2)
+ else:
+ raise ValueError(
+ f"Unknown decimation_mode: '{decimation_mode}'. Use 'mean' or 'min_max'."
+ )
+
+ # --- Voltage Conversion ---
+ voltages_mv = adc_to_mV(decimated_adc_data, self.voltage_range_v, self.max_adc_val)
+ if self.analog_offset_v != 0.0:
+ voltages_mv += self.analog_offset_v * 1000
+
+ # --- Time Axis Creation ---
+ points_per_timestep = 2 if self.downsample_mode == "aggregate" else 1
+ time_per_timestep = self.sample_interval_ns * 1e-9
+ time_per_raw_point = time_per_timestep / points_per_timestep
+
+ start_time = (start / points_per_timestep) * time_per_timestep
+
+ num_output_samples = voltages_mv.size
+
+ if final_decimation_factor > 1:
+ time_step_between_windows = time_per_raw_point * final_decimation_factor
+
+ # Both 'mean' and 'min_max' now produce pairs of points.
+ # The time axis is the start time of each decimation window, repeated.
+ num_pairs = num_output_samples // 2
+ window_start_times = (
+ start_time + np.arange(num_pairs) * time_step_between_windows
+ )
+ times = np.repeat(window_start_times, 2)
+ else:
+ # Original time axis logic for non-decimated data
+ if self.downsample_mode == "aggregate":
+ num_pairs = num_output_samples // 2
+ pair_times = start_time + np.arange(num_pairs) * time_per_timestep
+ times = np.repeat(pair_times, 2)
+ else:
+ end_time = start_time + (num_output_samples - 1) * time_per_raw_point
+ times = np.linspace(start_time, end_time, num_output_samples)
+
+ return times, voltages_mv
diff --git a/pyproject.toml b/pyproject.toml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e3e8497
--- /dev/null
+++ b/pyproject.toml
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+[build-system]
+requires = ["setuptools"]
+build-backend = "setuptools.build_meta"
+
+[project]
+name = "picostream"
+version = "0.2.0"
+dependencies = [
+ "numpy",
+ "loguru",
+ "picosdk",
+ "h5py",
+ "pyqtgraph",
+ "PyQt5",
+ "numba",
+ "click",
+]
+
+
+[tool.setuptools]
+packages = ["picostream"] # List the package names directly
+
+[project.scripts]
+picostream = "picostream.main:main"
diff --git a/status_values_pico.html b/status_values_pico.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..63a9aca
--- /dev/null
+++ b/status_values_pico.html
@@ -0,0 +1,683 @@
+<!DOCTYPE html>
+<html>
+ <head>
+ <!-- Help+Manual Premium Pack Version 3.35 (c) 2015-2017 by Tim Green all rights reserved -->
+ <title>PICO_STATUS values</title>
+ <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge" />
+ <meta name="viewport" id="pageviewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, user-scalable=yes, minimal-ui" />
+ <meta name="apple-mobile-web-app-capable" content="yes">
+ <meta name="apple-mobile-web-app-status-bar-style" content="black" />
+ <meta name="mobile-web-app-capable" content="yes">
+ <meta http-equiv="Pragma" content="no-cache">
+ <meta http-equiv="Expires" content="-1">
+ <meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache" />
+ <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html" charset="UTF-8" />
+ <meta name="generator" content="Help &amp; Manual" />
+ <meta name="keywords" content="" />
+ <meta name="description" content="Every function in the PicoLog 1000 Series API returns an error code from the following list of PICO_STATUS values defined in PicoStatus.h:" />
+ <meta name="author" content="" />
+ <meta name="msapplication-tap-highlight" content="no" />
+ <link type="text/css" href="./css/hmprojectstyles.css" rel="stylesheet" />
+ <link rel="stylesheet" href="./css/fontello.css">
+ <script type="text/javascript">
+/*! Help & Manual WebHelp 3 Script functions
+Copyright (c) 2015-2017 by Tim Green. All rights reserved. Contact tg@it-authoring.com
+*/
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+ <p class="topictitle">PICO_STATUS values</p>
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+ <p class="p_Normal" style="page-break-inside: avoid;">Every function in the PicoLog 1000 Series API returns an error code from the following list of <span class="f_Filename">PICO_STATUS</span> values defined in <span class="f_Filename">PicoStatus.h</span>:</p>
+<div style="text-align: left; text-indent: 0; page-break-inside: avoid; padding: 0 0 0 0; margin: 0 0 0.9375rem 0;"><table style="width:100%; border:none; border-spacing:0; border-collapse:collapse;">
+<tr>
+<td style="vertical-align:top; width:3.6875rem; padding:0.0625rem; border:solid thin #999999;"><p class="p_Unspaced" style="page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_Unspaced" style="font-size: 0.90rem; font-weight: bold;">Code</span></p>
+<p class="p_Unspaced" style="page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_Unspaced" style="font-size: 0.90rem; font-weight: bold;">(hex)</span></p>
+</td>
+<td style="vertical-align:top; width:17.7500rem; padding:0.0625rem; border:solid thin #999999;"><p class="p_Unspaced" style="page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_Unspaced" style="font-size: 0.90rem; font-weight: bold;">Enum</span></p>
+</td>
+<td style="vertical-align:top; width:22.1875rem; padding:0.0625rem; border:solid thin #999999;"><p class="p_Unspaced" style="page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_Unspaced" style="font-size: 0.90rem; font-weight: bold;">Description</span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td style="vertical-align:top; width:3.6875rem; padding:0.0625rem; border:solid thin #999999;"><p class="p_Unspaced" style="page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_Filename" style="font-size: 0.90rem;">00</span></p>
+</td>
+<td style="vertical-align:top; width:17.7500rem; padding:0.0625rem; border:solid thin #999999;"><p class="p_Unspaced" style="page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_Filename" style="font-size: 0.90rem;">PICO_OK</span></p>
+</td>
+<td style="vertical-align:top; width:22.1875rem; padding:0.0625rem; border:solid thin #999999;"><p class="p_Unspaced" style="page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_Unspaced" style="font-size: 0.90rem;">The Data Logger is functioning correctly</span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td style="vertical-align:top; width:3.6875rem; padding:0.0625rem; border:solid thin #999999;"><p class="p_Unspaced" style="page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_Filename" style="font-size: 0.90rem;">01</span></p>
+</td>
+<td style="vertical-align:top; width:17.7500rem; padding:0.0625rem; border:solid thin #999999;"><p class="p_Unspaced" style="page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_Filename" style="font-size: 0.90rem;">PICO_MAX_UNITS_OPENED</span></p>
+</td>
+<td style="vertical-align:top; width:22.1875rem; padding:0.0625rem; border:solid thin #999999;"><p class="p_Unspaced" style="page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_Unspaced" style="font-size: 0.90rem;">An attempt has been made to open more than 64 units</span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td style="vertical-align:top; width:3.6875rem; padding:0.0625rem; border:solid thin #999999;"><p class="p_Unspaced" style="page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_Filename" style="font-size: 0.90rem;">02</span></p>
+</td>
+<td style="vertical-align:top; width:17.7500rem; padding:0.0625rem; border:solid thin #999999;"><p class="p_Unspaced" style="page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_Filename" style="font-size: 0.90rem;">PICO_MEMORY_FAIL</span></p>
+</td>
+<td style="vertical-align:top; width:22.1875rem; padding:0.0625rem; border:solid thin #999999;"><p class="p_Unspaced" style="page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_Unspaced" style="font-size: 0.90rem;">Not enough memory could be allocated on the host machine</span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td style="vertical-align:top; width:3.6875rem; padding:0.0625rem; border:solid thin #999999;"><p class="p_Unspaced" style="page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_Filename" style="font-size: 0.90rem;">03</span></p>
+</td>
+<td style="vertical-align:top; width:17.7500rem; padding:0.0625rem; border:solid thin #999999;"><p class="p_Unspaced" style="page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_Filename" style="font-size: 0.90rem;">PICO_NOT_FOUND</span></p>
+</td>
+<td style="vertical-align:top; width:22.1875rem; padding:0.0625rem; border:solid thin #999999;"><p class="p_Unspaced" style="page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_Unspaced" style="font-size: 0.90rem;">No PicoLog 1000 device could be found</span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td style="vertical-align:top; width:3.6875rem; padding:0.0625rem; border:solid thin #999999;"><p class="p_Unspaced" style="page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_Filename" style="font-size: 0.90rem;">04</span></p>
+</td>
+<td style="vertical-align:top; width:17.7500rem; padding:0.0625rem; border:solid thin #999999;"><p class="p_Unspaced" style="page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_Filename" style="font-size: 0.90rem;">PICO_FW_FAIL</span></p>
+</td>
+<td style="vertical-align:top; width:22.1875rem; padding:0.0625rem; border:solid thin #999999;"><p class="p_Unspaced" style="page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_Unspaced" style="font-size: 0.90rem;">Unable to download firmware</span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td style="vertical-align:top; width:3.6875rem; padding:0.0625rem; border:solid thin #999999;"><p class="p_Unspaced" style="page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_Filename" style="font-size: 0.90rem;">05</span></p>
+</td>
+<td style="vertical-align:top; width:17.7500rem; padding:0.0625rem; border:solid thin #999999;"><p class="p_Unspaced" style="page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_Filename" style="font-size: 0.90rem;">PICO_OPEN_OPERATION_IN_PROGRESS</span></p>
+</td>
+<td style="vertical-align:top; width:22.1875rem; padding:0.0625rem; border:solid thin #999999;"><p class="p_Unspaced" style="page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_Unspaced" style="font-size: 0.90rem;">A request to open a device is in progress</span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td style="vertical-align:top; width:3.6875rem; padding:0.0625rem; border:solid thin #999999;"><p class="p_Unspaced" style="page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_Filename" style="font-size: 0.90rem;">06</span></p>
+</td>
+<td style="vertical-align:top; width:17.7500rem; padding:0.0625rem; border:solid thin #999999;"><p class="p_Unspaced" style="page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_Filename" style="font-size: 0.90rem;">PICO_OPERATION_FAILED</span></p>
+</td>
+<td style="vertical-align:top; width:22.1875rem; padding:0.0625rem; border:solid thin #999999;"><p class="p_Unspaced" style="page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_Unspaced" style="font-size: 0.90rem;">The operation was unsuccessful</span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td style="vertical-align:top; width:3.6875rem; padding:0.0625rem; border:solid thin #999999;"><p class="p_Unspaced" style="page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_Filename" style="font-size: 0.90rem;">07</span></p>
+</td>
+<td style="vertical-align:top; width:17.7500rem; padding:0.0625rem; border:solid thin #999999;"><p class="p_Unspaced" style="page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_Filename" style="font-size: 0.90rem;">PICO_NOT_RESPONDING</span></p>
+</td>
+<td style="vertical-align:top; width:22.1875rem; padding:0.0625rem; border:solid thin #999999;"><p class="p_Unspaced" style="page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_Unspaced" style="font-size: 0.90rem;">The device is not responding to commands from the PC</span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td style="vertical-align:top; width:3.6875rem; padding:0.0625rem; border:solid thin #999999;"><p class="p_Unspaced" style="page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_Filename" style="font-size: 0.90rem;">08</span></p>
+</td>
+<td style="vertical-align:top; width:17.7500rem; padding:0.0625rem; border:solid thin #999999;"><p class="p_Unspaced" style="page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_Filename" style="font-size: 0.90rem;">PICO_CONFIG_FAIL</span></p>
+</td>
+<td style="vertical-align:top; width:22.1875rem; padding:0.0625rem; border:solid thin #999999;"><p class="p_Unspaced" style="page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_Unspaced" style="font-size: 0.90rem;">The configuration information in the device has become corrupt or is missing</span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td style="vertical-align:top; width:3.6875rem; padding:0.0625rem; border:solid thin #999999;"><p class="p_Unspaced" style="page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_Filename" style="font-size: 0.90rem;">09</span></p>
+</td>
+<td style="vertical-align:top; width:17.7500rem; padding:0.0625rem; border:solid thin #999999;"><p class="p_Unspaced" style="page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_Filename" style="font-size: 0.90rem;">PICO_KERNEL_DRIVER_TOO_OLD</span></p>
+</td>
+<td style="vertical-align:top; width:22.1875rem; padding:0.0625rem; border:solid thin #999999;"><p class="p_Unspaced" style="page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_Unspaced" style="font-size: 0.90rem;">The kernel driver is too old to be used with the device driver</span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td style="vertical-align:top; width:3.6875rem; padding:0.0625rem; border:solid thin #999999;"><p class="p_Unspaced" style="page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_Filename" style="font-size: 0.90rem;">0A</span></p>
+</td>
+<td style="vertical-align:top; width:17.7500rem; padding:0.0625rem; border:solid thin #999999;"><p class="p_Unspaced" style="page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_Filename" style="font-size: 0.90rem;">PICO_EEPROM_CORRUPT</span></p>
+</td>
+<td style="vertical-align:top; width:22.1875rem; padding:0.0625rem; border:solid thin #999999;"><p class="p_Unspaced" style="page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_Unspaced" style="font-size: 0.90rem;">The EEPROM has become corrupt, so the device will use a default setting</span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td style="vertical-align:top; width:3.6875rem; padding:0.0625rem; border:solid thin #999999;"><p class="p_Unspaced" style="page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_Filename" style="font-size: 0.90rem;">0B</span></p>
+</td>
+<td style="vertical-align:top; width:17.7500rem; padding:0.0625rem; border:solid thin #999999;"><p class="p_Unspaced" style="page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_Filename" style="font-size: 0.90rem;">PICO_OS_NOT_SUPPORTED</span></p>
+</td>
+<td style="vertical-align:top; width:22.1875rem; padding:0.0625rem; border:solid thin #999999;"><p class="p_Unspaced" style="page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_Unspaced" style="font-size: 0.90rem;">The operating system on the PC is not supported by this driver</span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td style="vertical-align:top; width:3.6875rem; padding:0.0625rem; border:solid thin #999999;"><p class="p_Unspaced" style="page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_Filename" style="font-size: 0.90rem;">0C</span></p>
+</td>
+<td style="vertical-align:top; width:17.7500rem; padding:0.0625rem; border:solid thin #999999;"><p class="p_Unspaced" style="page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_Filename" style="font-size: 0.90rem;">PICO_INVALID_HANDLE</span></p>
+</td>
+<td style="vertical-align:top; width:22.1875rem; padding:0.0625rem; border:solid thin #999999;"><p class="p_Unspaced" style="page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_Unspaced" style="font-size: 0.90rem;">There is no device with the handle value passed</span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td style="vertical-align:top; width:3.6875rem; padding:0.0625rem; border:solid thin #999999;"><p class="p_Unspaced" style="page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_Filename" style="font-size: 0.90rem;">0D</span></p>
+</td>
+<td style="vertical-align:top; width:17.7500rem; padding:0.0625rem; border:solid thin #999999;"><p class="p_Unspaced" style="page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_Filename" style="font-size: 0.90rem;">PICO_INVALID_PARAMETER</span></p>
+</td>
+<td style="vertical-align:top; width:22.1875rem; padding:0.0625rem; border:solid thin #999999;"><p class="p_Unspaced" style="page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_Unspaced" style="font-size: 0.90rem;">A parameter value is not valid</span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td style="vertical-align:top; width:3.6875rem; padding:0.0625rem; border:solid thin #999999;"><p class="p_Unspaced" style="page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_Filename" style="font-size: 0.90rem;">0E</span></p>
+</td>
+<td style="vertical-align:top; width:17.7500rem; padding:0.0625rem; border:solid thin #999999;"><p class="p_Unspaced" style="page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_Filename" style="font-size: 0.90rem;">PICO_INVALID_TIMEBASE</span></p>
+</td>
+<td style="vertical-align:top; width:22.1875rem; padding:0.0625rem; border:solid thin #999999;"><p class="p_Unspaced" style="page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_Unspaced" style="font-size: 0.90rem;">The timebase is not supported or is invalid</span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td style="vertical-align:top; width:3.6875rem; padding:0.0625rem; border:solid thin #999999;"><p class="p_Unspaced" style="page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_Filename" style="font-size: 0.90rem;">0F</span></p>
+</td>
+<td style="vertical-align:top; width:17.7500rem; padding:0.0625rem; border:solid thin #999999;"><p class="p_Unspaced" style="page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_Filename" style="font-size: 0.90rem;">PICO_INVALID_VOLTAGE_RANGE</span></p>
+</td>
+<td style="vertical-align:top; width:22.1875rem; padding:0.0625rem; border:solid thin #999999;"><p class="p_Unspaced" style="page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_Unspaced" style="font-size: 0.90rem;">The voltage range is not supported or is invalid</span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td style="vertical-align:top; width:3.6875rem; padding:0.0625rem; border:solid thin #999999;"><p class="p_Unspaced" style="page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_Filename" style="font-size: 0.90rem;">10</span></p>
+</td>
+<td style="vertical-align:top; width:17.7500rem; padding:0.0625rem; border:solid thin #999999;"><p class="p_Unspaced" style="page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_Filename" style="font-size: 0.90rem;">PICO_INVALID_CHANNEL</span></p>
+</td>
+<td style="vertical-align:top; width:22.1875rem; padding:0.0625rem; border:solid thin #999999;"><p class="p_Unspaced" style="page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_Unspaced" style="font-size: 0.90rem;">The channel number is not valid on this device or no channels have been set</span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td style="vertical-align:top; width:3.6875rem; padding:0.0625rem; border:solid thin #999999;"><p class="p_Unspaced" style="page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_Filename" style="font-size: 0.90rem;">11</span></p>
+</td>
+<td style="vertical-align:top; width:17.7500rem; padding:0.0625rem; border:solid thin #999999;"><p class="p_Unspaced" style="page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_Filename" style="font-size: 0.90rem;">PICO_INVALID_TRIGGER_CHANNEL</span></p>
+</td>
+<td style="vertical-align:top; width:22.1875rem; padding:0.0625rem; border:solid thin #999999;"><p class="p_Unspaced" style="page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_Unspaced" style="font-size: 0.90rem;">The channel set for a trigger is not available on this device</span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td style="vertical-align:top; width:3.6875rem; padding:0.0625rem; border:solid thin #999999;"><p class="p_Unspaced" style="page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_Filename" style="font-size: 0.90rem;">12</span></p>
+</td>
+<td style="vertical-align:top; width:17.7500rem; padding:0.0625rem; border:solid thin #999999;"><p class="p_Unspaced" style="page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_Filename" style="font-size: 0.90rem;">PICO_INVALID_CONDITION_CHANNEL</span></p>
+</td>
+<td style="vertical-align:top; width:22.1875rem; padding:0.0625rem; border:solid thin #999999;"><p class="p_Unspaced" style="page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_Unspaced" style="font-size: 0.90rem;">The channel set for a condition is not available on this device</span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td style="vertical-align:top; width:3.6875rem; padding:0.0625rem; border:solid thin #999999;"><p class="p_Unspaced" style="page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_Filename" style="font-size: 0.90rem;">13</span></p>
+</td>
+<td style="vertical-align:top; width:17.7500rem; padding:0.0625rem; border:solid thin #999999;"><p class="p_Unspaced" style="page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_Filename" style="font-size: 0.90rem;">PICO_NO_SIGNAL_GENERATOR</span></p>
+</td>
+<td style="vertical-align:top; width:22.1875rem; padding:0.0625rem; border:solid thin #999999;"><p class="p_Unspaced" style="page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_Unspaced" style="font-size: 0.90rem;">The device does not have a signal generator</span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td style="vertical-align:top; width:3.6875rem; padding:0.0625rem; border:solid thin #999999;"><p class="p_Unspaced" style="page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_Filename" style="font-size: 0.90rem;">14</span></p>
+</td>
+<td style="vertical-align:top; width:17.7500rem; padding:0.0625rem; border:solid thin #999999;"><p class="p_Unspaced" style="page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_Filename" style="font-size: 0.90rem;">PICO_STREAMING_FAILED</span></p>
+</td>
+<td style="vertical-align:top; width:22.1875rem; padding:0.0625rem; border:solid thin #999999;"><p class="p_Unspaced" style="page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_Unspaced" style="font-size: 0.90rem;">Streaming has failed to start or has stopped without user request</span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td style="vertical-align:top; width:3.6875rem; padding:0.0625rem; border:solid thin #999999;"><p class="p_Unspaced" style="page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_Filename" style="font-size: 0.90rem;">15</span></p>
+</td>
+<td style="vertical-align:top; width:17.7500rem; padding:0.0625rem; border:solid thin #999999;"><p class="p_Unspaced" style="page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_Filename" style="font-size: 0.90rem;">PICO_BLOCK_MODE_FAILED</span></p>
+</td>
+<td style="vertical-align:top; width:22.1875rem; padding:0.0625rem; border:solid thin #999999;"><p class="p_Unspaced" style="page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_Unspaced" style="font-size: 0.90rem;">Block failed to start - a parameter may have been set wrongly</span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td style="vertical-align:top; width:3.6875rem; padding:0.0625rem; border:solid thin #999999;"><p class="p_Unspaced" style="page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_Filename" style="font-size: 0.90rem;">16</span></p>
+</td>
+<td style="vertical-align:top; width:17.7500rem; padding:0.0625rem; border:solid thin #999999;"><p class="p_Unspaced" style="page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_Filename" style="font-size: 0.90rem;">PICO_NULL_PARAMETER</span></p>
+</td>
+<td style="vertical-align:top; width:22.1875rem; padding:0.0625rem; border:solid thin #999999;"><p class="p_Unspaced" style="page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_Unspaced" style="font-size: 0.90rem;">A parameter that was required is </span><span class="f_Filename" style="font-size: 0.90rem;">NULL</span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td style="vertical-align:top; width:3.6875rem; padding:0.0625rem; border:solid thin #999999;"><p class="p_Unspaced" style="page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_Filename" style="font-size: 0.90rem;">18</span></p>
+</td>
+<td style="vertical-align:top; width:17.7500rem; padding:0.0625rem; border:solid thin #999999;"><p class="p_Unspaced" style="page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_Filename" style="font-size: 0.90rem;">PICO_DATA_NOT_AVAILABLE</span></p>
+</td>
+<td style="vertical-align:top; width:22.1875rem; padding:0.0625rem; border:solid thin #999999;"><p class="p_Unspaced" style="page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_Unspaced" style="font-size: 0.90rem;">No data is available from a run block call</span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td style="vertical-align:top; width:3.6875rem; padding:0.0625rem; border:solid thin #999999;"><p class="p_Unspaced" style="page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_Filename" style="font-size: 0.90rem;">19</span></p>
+</td>
+<td style="vertical-align:top; width:17.7500rem; padding:0.0625rem; border:solid thin #999999;"><p class="p_Unspaced" style="page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_Filename" style="font-size: 0.90rem;">PICO_STRING_BUFFER_TOO_SMALL</span></p>
+</td>
+<td style="vertical-align:top; width:22.1875rem; padding:0.0625rem; border:solid thin #999999;"><p class="p_Unspaced" style="page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_Unspaced" style="font-size: 0.90rem;">The buffer passed for the information was too small</span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td style="vertical-align:top; width:3.6875rem; padding:0.0625rem; border:solid thin #999999;"><p class="p_Unspaced" style="page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_Filename" style="font-size: 0.90rem;">1A</span></p>
+</td>
+<td style="vertical-align:top; width:17.7500rem; padding:0.0625rem; border:solid thin #999999;"><p class="p_Unspaced" style="page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_Filename" style="font-size: 0.90rem;">PICO_ETS_NOT_SUPPORTED</span></p>
+</td>
+<td style="vertical-align:top; width:22.1875rem; padding:0.0625rem; border:solid thin #999999;"><p class="p_Unspaced" style="page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_Unspaced" style="font-size: 0.90rem;">ETS is not supported on this device</span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td style="vertical-align:top; width:3.6875rem; padding:0.0625rem; border:solid thin #999999;"><p class="p_Unspaced" style="page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_Filename" style="font-size: 0.90rem;">1B</span></p>
+</td>
+<td style="vertical-align:top; width:17.7500rem; padding:0.0625rem; border:solid thin #999999;"><p class="p_Unspaced" style="page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_Filename" style="font-size: 0.90rem;">PICO_AUTO_TRIGGER_TIME_TOO_SHORT</span></p>
+</td>
+<td style="vertical-align:top; width:22.1875rem; padding:0.0625rem; border:solid thin #999999;"><p class="p_Unspaced" style="page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_Unspaced" style="font-size: 0.90rem;">The auto trigger time is less than the time it will take to collect the data</span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td style="vertical-align:top; width:3.6875rem; padding:0.0625rem; border:solid thin #999999;"><p class="p_Unspaced" style="page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_Filename" style="font-size: 0.90rem;">1C</span></p>
+</td>
+<td style="vertical-align:top; width:17.7500rem; padding:0.0625rem; border:solid thin #999999;"><p class="p_Unspaced" style="page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_Filename" style="font-size: 0.90rem;">PICO_BUFFER_STALL</span></p>
+</td>
+<td style="vertical-align:top; width:22.1875rem; padding:0.0625rem; border:solid thin #999999;"><p class="p_Unspaced" style="page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_Unspaced" style="font-size: 0.90rem;">The collection of data has stalled as unread data would be overwritten</span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td style="vertical-align:top; width:3.6875rem; height:1.8750rem; padding:0.0625rem; border:solid thin #999999;"><p class="p_Unspaced" style="page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_Filename" style="font-size: 0.90rem;">1D</span></p>
+</td>
+<td style="vertical-align:top; width:17.7500rem; height:1.8750rem; padding:0.0625rem; border:solid thin #999999;"><p class="p_Unspaced" style="page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_Filename" style="font-size: 0.90rem;">PICO_TOO_MANY_SAMPLES</span></p>
+</td>
+<td style="vertical-align:top; width:22.1875rem; height:1.8750rem; padding:0.0625rem; border:solid thin #999999;"><p class="p_Unspaced" style="page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_Unspaced" style="font-size: 0.90rem;">The number of samples requested is more than available in the current memory segment</span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td style="vertical-align:top; width:3.6875rem; padding:0.0625rem; border:solid thin #999999;"><p class="p_Unspaced" style="page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_Filename" style="font-size: 0.90rem;">1E</span></p>
+</td>
+<td style="vertical-align:top; width:17.7500rem; padding:0.0625rem; border:solid thin #999999;"><p class="p_Unspaced" style="page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_Filename" style="font-size: 0.90rem;">PICO_TOO_MANY_SEGMENTS</span></p>
+</td>
+<td style="vertical-align:top; width:22.1875rem; padding:0.0625rem; border:solid thin #999999;"><p class="p_Unspaced" style="page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_Unspaced" style="font-size: 0.90rem;">Not possible to create number of segments requested</span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td style="vertical-align:top; width:3.6875rem; padding:0.0625rem; border:solid thin #999999;"><p class="p_Unspaced" style="page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_Filename" style="font-size: 0.90rem;">1F</span></p>
+</td>
+<td style="vertical-align:top; width:17.7500rem; padding:0.0625rem; border:solid thin #999999;"><p class="p_Unspaced" style="page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_Filename" style="font-size: 0.90rem;">PICO_PULSE_WIDTH_QUALIFIER</span></p>
+</td>
+<td style="vertical-align:top; width:22.1875rem; padding:0.0625rem; border:solid thin #999999;"><p class="p_Unspaced" style="page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_Unspaced" style="font-size: 0.90rem;">A null pointer has been passed in the trigger function or one of the parameters is out of range</span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td style="vertical-align:top; width:3.6875rem; padding:0.0625rem; border:solid thin #999999;"><p class="p_Unspaced" style="page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_Filename" style="font-size: 0.90rem;">20</span></p>
+</td>
+<td style="vertical-align:top; width:17.7500rem; padding:0.0625rem; border:solid thin #999999;"><p class="p_Unspaced" style="page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_Filename" style="font-size: 0.90rem;">PICO_DELAY</span></p>
+</td>
+<td style="vertical-align:top; width:22.1875rem; padding:0.0625rem; border:solid thin #999999;"><p class="p_Unspaced" style="page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_Unspaced" style="font-size: 0.90rem;">One or more of the hold-off parameters are out of range</span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td style="vertical-align:top; width:3.6875rem; padding:0.0625rem; border:solid thin #999999;"><p class="p_Unspaced" style="page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_Filename" style="font-size: 0.90rem;">21</span></p>
+</td>
+<td style="vertical-align:top; width:17.7500rem; padding:0.0625rem; border:solid thin #999999;"><p class="p_Unspaced" style="page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_Filename" style="font-size: 0.90rem;">PICO_SOURCE_DETAILS</span></p>
+</td>
+<td style="vertical-align:top; width:22.1875rem; padding:0.0625rem; border:solid thin #999999;"><p class="p_Unspaced" style="page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_Unspaced" style="font-size: 0.90rem;">One or more of the source details are incorrect</span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td style="vertical-align:top; width:3.6875rem; padding:0.0625rem; border:solid thin #999999;"><p class="p_Unspaced" style="page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_Filename" style="font-size: 0.90rem;">22</span></p>
+</td>
+<td style="vertical-align:top; width:17.7500rem; padding:0.0625rem; border:solid thin #999999;"><p class="p_Unspaced" style="page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_Filename" style="font-size: 0.90rem;">PICO_CONDITIONS</span></p>
+</td>
+<td style="vertical-align:top; width:22.1875rem; padding:0.0625rem; border:solid thin #999999;"><p class="p_Unspaced" style="page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_Unspaced" style="font-size: 0.90rem;">One or more of the conditions are incorrect</span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td style="vertical-align:top; width:3.6875rem; padding:0.0625rem; border:solid thin #999999;"><p class="p_Unspaced" style="page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_Filename" style="font-size: 0.90rem;">24</span></p>
+</td>
+<td style="vertical-align:top; width:17.7500rem; padding:0.0625rem; border:solid thin #999999;"><p class="p_Unspaced" style="page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_Filename" style="font-size: 0.90rem;">PICO_DEVICE_SAMPLING</span></p>
+</td>
+<td style="vertical-align:top; width:22.1875rem; padding:0.0625rem; border:solid thin #999999;"><p class="p_Unspaced" style="page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_Unspaced" style="font-size: 0.90rem;">An attempt is being made to get stored data while streaming. Stop streaming by calling </span><span class="f_Filename"><a href="pl1000stop.html" class="topiclink">pl1000Stop()</a></span><span class="f_Unspaced" style="font-size: 0.90rem;">.</span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td style="vertical-align:top; width:3.6875rem; padding:0.0625rem; border:solid thin #999999;"><p class="p_Unspaced" style="page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_Filename" style="font-size: 0.90rem;">25</span></p>
+</td>
+<td style="vertical-align:top; width:17.7500rem; padding:0.0625rem; border:solid thin #999999;"><p class="p_Unspaced" style="page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_Filename" style="font-size: 0.90rem;">PICO_NO_SAMPLES_AVAILABLE</span></p>
+</td>
+<td style="vertical-align:top; width:22.1875rem; padding:0.0625rem; border:solid thin #999999;"><p class="p_Unspaced" style="page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_Unspaced" style="font-size: 0.90rem;">...because a run has not been completed</span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td style="vertical-align:top; width:3.6875rem; padding:0.0625rem; border:solid thin #999999;"><p class="p_Unspaced" style="page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_Filename" style="font-size: 0.90rem;">26</span></p>
+</td>
+<td style="vertical-align:top; width:17.7500rem; padding:0.0625rem; border:solid thin #999999;"><p class="p_Unspaced" style="page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_Filename" style="font-size: 0.90rem;">PICO_SEGMENT_OUT_OF_RANGE</span></p>
+</td>
+<td style="vertical-align:top; width:22.1875rem; padding:0.0625rem; border:solid thin #999999;"><p class="p_Unspaced" style="page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_Unspaced" style="font-size: 0.90rem;">The memory index is out of range</span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td style="vertical-align:top; width:3.6875rem; padding:0.0625rem; border:solid thin #999999;"><p class="p_Unspaced" style="page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_Filename" style="font-size: 0.90rem;">27</span></p>
+</td>
+<td style="vertical-align:top; width:17.7500rem; padding:0.0625rem; border:solid thin #999999;"><p class="p_Unspaced" style="page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_Filename" style="font-size: 0.90rem;">PICO_BUSY</span></p>
+</td>
+<td style="vertical-align:top; width:22.1875rem; padding:0.0625rem; border:solid thin #999999;"><p class="p_Unspaced" style="page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_Unspaced" style="font-size: 0.90rem;">Data cannot be returned yet</span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td style="vertical-align:top; width:3.6875rem; padding:0.0625rem; border:solid thin #999999;"><p class="p_Unspaced" style="page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_Filename" style="font-size: 0.90rem;">28</span></p>
+</td>
+<td style="vertical-align:top; width:17.7500rem; padding:0.0625rem; border:solid thin #999999;"><p class="p_Unspaced" style="page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_Filename" style="font-size: 0.90rem;">PICO_STARTINDEX_INVALID</span></p>
+</td>
+<td style="vertical-align:top; width:22.1875rem; padding:0.0625rem; border:solid thin #999999;"><p class="p_Unspaced" style="page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_Unspaced" style="font-size: 0.90rem;">The start time to get stored data is out of range</span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td style="vertical-align:top; width:3.6875rem; padding:0.0625rem; border:solid thin #999999;"><p class="p_Unspaced" style="page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_Filename" style="font-size: 0.90rem;">29</span></p>
+</td>
+<td style="vertical-align:top; width:17.7500rem; padding:0.0625rem; border:solid thin #999999;"><p class="p_Unspaced" style="page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_Filename" style="font-size: 0.90rem;">PICO_INVALID_INFO</span></p>
+</td>
+<td style="vertical-align:top; width:22.1875rem; padding:0.0625rem; border:solid thin #999999;"><p class="p_Unspaced" style="page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_Unspaced" style="font-size: 0.90rem;">The information number requested is not a valid number</span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td style="vertical-align:top; width:3.6875rem; padding:0.0625rem; border:solid thin #999999;"><p class="p_Unspaced" style="page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_Filename" style="font-size: 0.90rem;">2A</span></p>
+</td>
+<td style="vertical-align:top; width:17.7500rem; padding:0.0625rem; border:solid thin #999999;"><p class="p_Unspaced" style="page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_Filename" style="font-size: 0.90rem;">PICO_INFO_UNAVAILABLE</span></p>
+</td>
+<td style="vertical-align:top; width:22.1875rem; padding:0.0625rem; border:solid thin #999999;"><p class="p_Unspaced" style="page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_Unspaced" style="font-size: 0.90rem;">The handle is invalid so no information is available about the device. Only </span><span class="f_Filename" style="font-size: 0.90rem;">PICO_DRIVER_VERSION</span><span class="f_Unspaced" style="font-size: 0.90rem;"> is available.</span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td style="vertical-align:top; width:3.6875rem; padding:0.0625rem; border:solid thin #999999;"><p class="p_Unspaced" style="page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_Filename" style="font-size: 0.90rem;">2B</span></p>
+</td>
+<td style="vertical-align:top; width:17.7500rem; padding:0.0625rem; border:solid thin #999999;"><p class="p_Unspaced" style="page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_Filename" style="font-size: 0.90rem;">PICO_INVALID_SAMPLE_INTERVAL</span></p>
+</td>
+<td style="vertical-align:top; width:22.1875rem; padding:0.0625rem; border:solid thin #999999;"><p class="p_Unspaced" style="page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_Unspaced" style="font-size: 0.90rem;">The sample interval selected for streaming is out of range</span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td style="vertical-align:top; width:3.6875rem; padding:0.0625rem; border:solid thin #999999;"><p class="p_Unspaced" style="page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_Filename" style="font-size: 0.90rem;">2C</span></p>
+</td>
+<td style="vertical-align:top; width:17.7500rem; padding:0.0625rem; border:solid thin #999999;"><p class="p_Unspaced" style="page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_Filename" style="font-size: 0.90rem;">PICO_TRIGGER_ERROR</span></p>
+</td>
+<td style="vertical-align:top; width:22.1875rem; padding:0.0625rem; border:solid thin #999999;"><p class="p_Unspaced" style="page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_Unspaced" style="font-size: 0.90rem;">Not used</span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td style="vertical-align:top; width:3.6875rem; padding:0.0625rem; border:solid thin #999999;"><p class="p_Unspaced" style="page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_Filename" style="font-size: 0.90rem;">2D</span></p>
+</td>
+<td style="vertical-align:top; width:17.7500rem; padding:0.0625rem; border:solid thin #999999;"><p class="p_Unspaced" style="page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_Filename" style="font-size: 0.90rem;">PICO_MEMORY</span></p>
+</td>
+<td style="vertical-align:top; width:22.1875rem; padding:0.0625rem; border:solid thin #999999;"><p class="p_Unspaced" style="page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_Unspaced" style="font-size: 0.90rem;">Driver cannot allocate memory</span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td style="vertical-align:top; width:3.6875rem; padding:0.0625rem; border:solid thin #999999;"><p class="p_Unspaced" style="page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_Filename" style="font-size: 0.90rem;">36</span></p>
+</td>
+<td style="vertical-align:top; width:17.7500rem; padding:0.0625rem; border:solid thin #999999;"><p class="p_Unspaced" style="page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_Filename" style="font-size: 0.90rem;">PICO_DELAY_NULL</span></p>
+</td>
+<td style="vertical-align:top; width:22.1875rem; padding:0.0625rem; border:solid thin #999999;"><p class="p_Unspaced" style="page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_Filename" style="font-size: 0.90rem;">NULL</span><span class="f_Unspaced" style="font-size: 0.90rem;"> pointer passed as delay parameter</span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td style="vertical-align:top; width:3.6875rem; padding:0.0625rem; border:solid thin #999999;"><p class="p_Unspaced" style="page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_Filename" style="font-size: 0.90rem;">37</span></p>
+</td>
+<td style="vertical-align:top; width:17.7500rem; padding:0.0625rem; border:solid thin #999999;"><p class="p_Unspaced" style="page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_Filename" style="font-size: 0.90rem;">PICO_INVALID_BUFFER</span></p>
+</td>
+<td style="vertical-align:top; width:22.1875rem; padding:0.0625rem; border:solid thin #999999;"><p class="p_Unspaced" style="page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_Unspaced" style="font-size: 0.90rem;">The buffers for overview data have not been set while streaming</span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td style="vertical-align:top; width:3.6875rem; padding:0.0625rem; border:solid thin #999999;"><p class="p_Unspaced" style="page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_Filename" style="font-size: 0.90rem;">3A</span></p>
+</td>
+<td style="vertical-align:top; width:17.7500rem; padding:0.0625rem; border:solid thin #999999;"><p class="p_Unspaced" style="page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_Filename" style="font-size: 0.90rem;">PICO_CANCELLED</span></p>
+</td>
+<td style="vertical-align:top; width:22.1875rem; padding:0.0625rem; border:solid thin #999999;"><p class="p_Unspaced" style="page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_Unspaced" style="font-size: 0.90rem;">A block collection has been canceled</span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td style="vertical-align:top; width:3.6875rem; padding:0.0625rem; border:solid thin #999999;"><p class="p_Unspaced" style="page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_Filename" style="font-size: 0.90rem;">3B</span></p>
+</td>
+<td style="vertical-align:top; width:17.7500rem; padding:0.0625rem; border:solid thin #999999;"><p class="p_Unspaced" style="page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_Filename" style="font-size: 0.90rem;">PICO_SEGMENT_NOT_USED</span></p>
+</td>
+<td style="vertical-align:top; width:22.1875rem; padding:0.0625rem; border:solid thin #999999;"><p class="p_Unspaced" style="page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_Unspaced" style="font-size: 0.90rem;">The segment index is not currently being used</span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td style="vertical-align:top; width:3.6875rem; padding:0.0625rem; border:solid thin #999999;"><p class="p_Unspaced" style="page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_Filename" style="font-size: 0.90rem;">3F</span></p>
+</td>
+<td style="vertical-align:top; width:17.7500rem; padding:0.0625rem; border:solid thin #999999;"><p class="p_Unspaced" style="page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_Filename" style="font-size: 0.90rem;">PICO_NOT_USED</span></p>
+</td>
+<td style="vertical-align:top; width:22.1875rem; padding:0.0625rem; border:solid thin #999999;"><p class="p_Unspaced" style="page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_Unspaced" style="font-size: 0.90rem;">The function is not available</span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td style="vertical-align:top; width:3.6875rem; padding:0.0625rem; border:solid thin #999999;"><p class="p_Unspaced" style="page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_Filename" style="font-size: 0.90rem;">41</span></p>
+</td>
+<td style="vertical-align:top; width:17.7500rem; padding:0.0625rem; border:solid thin #999999;"><p class="p_Unspaced" style="page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_Filename" style="font-size: 0.90rem;">PICO_INVALID_STATE</span></p>
+</td>
+<td style="vertical-align:top; width:22.1875rem; padding:0.0625rem; border:solid thin #999999;"><p class="p_Unspaced" style="page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_Unspaced" style="font-size: 0.90rem;">Device is in an invalid state</span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td style="vertical-align:top; width:3.6875rem; padding:0.0625rem; border:solid thin #999999;"><p class="p_Unspaced" style="page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_Filename" style="font-size: 0.90rem;">43</span></p>
+</td>
+<td style="vertical-align:top; width:17.7500rem; padding:0.0625rem; border:solid thin #999999;"><p class="p_Unspaced" style="page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_Filename" style="font-size: 0.90rem;">PICO_DRIVE_FUNCTION</span></p>
+</td>
+<td style="vertical-align:top; width:22.1875rem; padding:0.0625rem; border:solid thin #999999;"><p class="p_Unspaced" style="page-break-inside: avoid;"><span class="f_Unspaced" style="font-size: 0.90rem;">You called a driver function while another driver function was still being processed</span></p>
+</td>
+</tr>
+</table>
+</div>
+
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+<script type="text/javascript" src="./js/xmessage.js"></script>
+<script id="hmPageInitScript" type="text/javascript">
+var fouc=document.getElementById("fouc");
+if (!hmFlags.isEWriter) fouc.parentNode.removeChild(fouc);
+/*! Help & Manual WebHelp 3 Script functions
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+helpman_mailrecipient = 'Support Staff <support@picotech.com>';
+hmGetUrlParams = function() {/*!
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+* This will be executed when your WebHelp is first opened and the session variables
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+/*!
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